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The School History Team Ancient Egyptian Civilization WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ● ● ● ● Historical background of Ancient Egyptian civilization through time periods. Features of Ancient Egyptian society, including the government, social structure, system of writing, religion, and medicine. Famous pharaohs and their contributions. Significant Egyptian invention and technology. FACT FILE Let’s learn more about Ancient Egypt! The Ancient Egyptian civilization endured for almost 30 centuries, between the 3100 BC until the conquest by Alexander the Great in 332 BC. Historians agree that it was the greatest ancient civilization that ever existed in North Africa. It was famous for its cultural landscape, system of writing, magnificent architecture and art, religious and mythological beliefs, and knowledge of science and mathematics. Map of Egypt about 1450 BC Egyptology is the name given by historians to the study of ancient Egypt. Ancient Egypt Time Periods OLD KINGDOM MIDDLE KINGDOM NEW KINGDOM (about 2700-2200 BCE) (about 2050-1800 BCE) (about 1550-1100 BCE) Generally, Egyptian history is divided into three historical segments: the Old Kingdom, the Middle Kingdom, and the New Kingdom. Each major period was also separated with shorter intermediate periods. Geography ● ● ● ● ● ● About 6000 BC, settlements began to grow in Egyptian regions, especially near the Nile River. Most settlements near the Nile Valley were a few miles away from the river, which provided a water resource and agricultural fertility. The Nile River flooded every year. In effect, Egyptians divided the year into three seasons; the flooding, the growth, and the harvest. Historians claim that the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt was achieved by a political figure named Narmer, or Menes. In the Archaic Period, Egyptians used to be farmers, living in small villages and spread throughout all of Upper and Lower Egypt. The economic base of ancient Egyptians depended on agriculture, mainly wheat and barley. Early Egyptians believed that Egypt was divided into two types of land, the black and fertile land called kemet and the red and desert land called deshret. The Nile River was the only significant element in the geography of Egypt. This river made Map showing Egypt in the agriculture and the entire civilization possible. north-eastern corner of Africa Egypt is surrounded by the Sahara Desert to the west, the Red Sea to the east, the Mediterranean Sea to the North, and the Cataracts to the south. THINK ABOUT THIS! 1 ACTIVITIES FOR AGES 11-14 BUILDING VOCABULARY. Define the following terms based on your understanding of the historical context. (X marks) TERMS 1. Hieroglyphics 2. Pharaoh 3. Mummification 4. Book of the Dead 5. Papyrus DEFINITION THINK ABOUT THIS! 1 ACTIVITIES FOR AGES 14-16 PRIMARY SOURCE. Given your understanding of the Rosetta Stone (SOURCE A) and its historical context, provide significant facts about it. (X marks) SOURCE A This resource is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license. You are free to: ● ● Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material Under the following terms: ● ● Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes. For more information on this license, visit the following link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Thank you! Thank you Thank you so much for downloading this resource. We hope it has been useful for you in the classroom and that your students enjoy the activities. 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