ovbylf ve/fvvtl iefvfdfkb

amobrwyinda vedas mTidan,
viT ToTxmeti dRis mTvare,
madloba RmerTs, misi mosvliT
ganaTda Cveni mxare.
mogvitana RvTis brZaneba,
margaliti wyobili,
gverdiT axlavs abu beqir
uRalato Zmobili.
Suqi mohfina medinas,
misi mosvliT gavlaRdiT,
vegebebiT Suamavals
da SevsZaxiT, mobrZandiT!
Sen xar mze da Sen xar mTvare,
qveynis manaTobelo,
mobrZandi, RvTis sayvarelo
rjulis ganmmartebelo.
mogvaSora Zvelmanebi
da Segvmosa axlebiT,
suli Cveni gagvinaTla,
rwmenis WeSmaritebiT.
uqadaga mcdar morwmuneT,
mivyveT patrons sikeTis
yvela, vinc mihyva muhammeds
hpovebs baRebs samoTxis.
gagvimarta RvTis brZaneba
da Cvenc guliT vendobiT,
sityvas mudam vupatronebT,
gveZmo, Cvenac veZmobiT.
mxars mogcemT mudam RmerTmani,
ar gvCvevia Ralati.
Sen rom sando varskvlavi xar,
eWvic ar gvaqvs amaSi
amobrwyinda vedas mTidan,
viT ToTxmeti dRis mTvare,
madloba RmerTs, misi mosvliT
ganaTda Cveni mxare
Peygamberimi Öðreniyorum
Gürcüce
dianeTis saqmeTa sammarTvelosgan
cfxemfhbf&
ovbylf ve/fvvtl
iefvfdfkb
A
dianeTis saqmeTa sammarTvelo
ovbylf ve/fvvtl
iefvfdfkb
(allahis locva da dideba mas)
winasityvaoba
dianeTis saqmeTa sammarTvelos
gamomcemloba: 639
sabavSvo wignebi: 160
Cems Suamavals vecnobi
(momzadebulia religiis, kulturisa da
eTikis maswavlebelTagan Semdgari komisiis
mier)
koordinatori:
doqtori omer meneqSe
gamomcemeli redaqtori:
doqtori iuqsel salmani
vizualuri xelmZRvaneli:
nurullah ozbai
sakonsultacio komisia:
prof. doq. ibrahim sariCami
sevgi yarabuluTi
suavi qemal iazgiCi
ilustracia:
osman Turhani
2006-06-Y-0003_ 639
ISBN 975_19_3913_5
gamomcemeli:
ERCE Matbaacýlýk
tel: (0312) 394 05 65
ankara, aprili 2006
dianeTis saqmeTa sammarTvelo:
sasuliero sagamomcemlo sammarTvelos
xelmZRvaneloba
misamarTi: q. ankara. Canqaia eskiSehiris gzis
me-9 km
tel: 0 (0312) 295 73 06
faqsi: 0 (312) 284 72 88
www.diyanet.gov.tr
[email protected]
wigni gamoica:
aWaris a.r. muslimanTa
sasuliero-samufTo samarTvelos
iniciativiT
Targmani Seasru
ula:
Sps `Tarjimani"
q. baTumi quTaisis q. #19
[email protected]
gamarjobaT bavSvebo!
gaxsovdeT, muhammed Suamavlis cxovrebis Seswavla, misdami ndoba da siyvaruli
udidesi bednierebaa. misi cxovreba da moRvaweoba CvenTvis naTeli magaliTebiTaa
gajerebuli. swored, winamdebare wignSi
gaecnobiT am uZvirfasesi adamianis cxovrebasa da islamis axsna-ganmartebisaTvis,
popularizaciisa da damkvidrebisaTvis misi Tavdauzogavi Sromis Sedegebs.
upirveles yovlisa, muhammed Suamavali
iyo Svilebis mosiyvarule da mzrunveli
mama, meuRlis mimarT Tavaziani da mowyale.
sando da erTguli megobari. igi adamianebs siyvaruls, sikeTes, Tavazianobas, ganaTlebas, samarTlianobas, moralursa da zneobriv sispetakes, sxvebisaTvis daxmarebis
gawevas uqadagebda.
mas surda, adamianebs xeli aeRoT sicrueze, pirferobaze, qurdobaze, kacis kvlaze, alkoholur sasmelebze, azartul TamaSebze, sxvisdami zianis miyenebis ganzraxvaze, bunebisadmi udier mopyrobaze.
muhammed Suamavalma kacobriobis bednierebisa da keTildReobisaTvis uamravi moraluri da fizikuri tanjva gadaitana, mravali urTulesi dabrkoleba gadalaxa:
mSier-mwurvals, urwmunoTa mier risxvadatexils, samSoblodan gaZevebuls, brZolebSi daWril-daqanculs rwmenisa da ideisaTvis arasdros uRalatia, vinaidan mas allahisagan dakisrebuli hqonda misia _ adamianebisaTvis aexsna islami,_ gadarCenis
erTaderTi gza!
sayvarelo bavSvebo!
Cveni sarwmunoeba islamia, Suamavali_
muhammedi, wminda wigni ki_ yurani. Tu Cven
allahs virwmunebT, gveyvareba muhammed Suamavali da Tu yuranis brZanebebs SevasrulebT, bednieri da warmatebulebi viqnebiT. amitomac muhammed Suamavali kargad
unda gavicnoT, SeviyvaroT da magaliTic
misgan aviRoT. am wignis mizanic swored
esaa. imedi gvaqvs, dainteresdebiT da xalisiT waikiTxavT.
Tqven Cveni momavali xarT da Zalian gviyvarxarT...
dianeTis saqmeTa sammarTvelo
ovbylf ve/fvvtl
iefvfdfkb
dianeTis saqmeTa sammarTvelo
ankara
sarCevi
nawili mexuTe
nawili pirveli
medina: axali civilizaciis qalaqi
oboli muhammedi
winasityvaoba
yvela mas elodeboda
bedniereba moevlina samyaros
dedasTan pirveli ganSoreba da
ucxo mxareSi yofna
dedis ukanaskneli ambori
babua abdulmutalibi
biZa ebu Talibi
04
09
11
55
ezani
56
dasaxlebis adgili
56
16
Zmoba
56
17
erTad cxovreba
57
yvela moswavle gaxda
59
ramaznis Tve
59
SuRli grZeldeba
60
gardatexis wertili: bediri
61
mware gamocdileba; uhudi
63
yvela gza icdeba: teraqtebi
65
Zneli gamocda: hendeki
66
18
axalgazrda muhammedi
21
23
25
28
nawili meeqvse
saxlSi dabruneba
nawili mesame
muhammeds Suamavloba eboZaüü
pirveli Sexvedra jebrailangelozTan
mesaidumle hatije
islami vrceldeba
pirveli muslimanebi da erqamis saxli
daSineba iwyeba
mwuxarebis weli
axali samSoblos Zieba
eTiopia
taifi
aqabe: medinasaken mimavali gza
55
meCeTi
13
nawili meore
mxardaWera usamarTlobis
winaaRmdeg brZolaSi
gza qorwinebisaken
samagaliTo meuRle da
samagaliTo mama
mas yvela endoba
axali civilizaciia yalibdeba
31
33
hudeibies SeTanxmeba
69
mizani-mTeli msoflio
71
meqas dapyroba da saxlSi dabruneba
72
35
37
nawili meSvide
39
yvela masze tiroda
41
42
gamosamSvidobebeli hajoba da
42
gamosamSvidobebeli mimarTva (xuTbe)
75
gamomSvidobeba
76
ganSoreba: yvela masze tiroda
77
45
45
nawili meoTxe
muhammed Suamavlis cxovrebis
medinaSi gadasaxleba (hijreTi)
mniSvnelovani TariRebi
mivdivarT, magram davbrundebiT
yvela mas elodeboda
49
52
79
1. nawiliEoboli muhammediEwminda muhammed Suamavali E9
nawili pirveli
oboli muhammedi
yvela mas elodeboda
islamiswina periods jahilie anu umecrebis xana
ewodeba. im droSi adamianebi pirvelyofiluri
cxovrebis wesebiT cxovrobdnen. uqonels, upatronos, umweosa da Rarib-Rataks monobis uReli
edgmeboda
da
sazogadoebisgan
iriyeboda;
mezoblobasa da naTesaobas araviTari mniSvneloba aRar eniWeboda; xalxi erTmaneTs aRar endoboda. isedac uuflebo qali, saerTod aRar fasdeboda, patara gogonebs cocxlad marxavdnen. adamianebi mcdar rwmenebs adgnen da kerpebs eTayvanebodnen. im xanaSi mcxovrebi ori pirovneba arsebul
viTarebas Semdegnairad gadmogvcems:
`Cven umecrad da barbarosulad vcxovrobdiT.
kerpebs veTayvanebodiT, uzneobas CavdiodiT, naTesavebs veqiSpebodiT, mezoblobas aRar vafasebdiT.
SeZlebulni SeuZloebs vCagravdiT."
`Cven is xalxi varT, vinc umecrebis (jahilies)
10 E 1. nawili E oboli muhammediE wminda muhammed Suamavali
1. nawili E oboli muhammediE wminda muhammed Suamavali E 11
xanaSi icxovra. kerpebs veTayvanebodiT, sakuTar
Svilebs vxocavdiT. erTi qaliSvili myavda. roca
davuZaxebdi, maSinve CemTan moirbenda. erT dRes
davuZaxe da isic maSinve CemTan gaCnda. Cvens saxlTan axlos mdebare WasTan miviyvane da erTi
moqneviT WaSi gadavuSvi. `mamaa!"_ es iyo misi
ukanaskneli SeZaxili, romelic dResac yurebSi
Camesmis."
ra sisaZagle da ganukiTxaobac im xanaSi xdeboda, mxolod zemoT TqmuliT rodi Semoifargleba:
adamianebi kerpebs scemdnen Tayvans. kerpebiT iyo
gavsebuli allahis saxli_ qaabec.
adamianis Rirseba nuls gautolda. bazarze
mona,sxva nebismieri saqonlisa da nivTis msgavsad,
iyideboda.
SeZlebuli umweos Cagravda,ar arsebobda iseTi
struqtura, sadac daCagruli simarTlis povnas
SeZlebda. avismqneli, boroti saqcielis miuxedavad, yovelTvis marTali gamodioda.
xalxi
loTobiT, mruSobiTa da dilamde
azartuli TamaSiT iyo gatacebuli.
zogierTi wuxda am viTarebis gamo,magram aseTebi umciresobas warmoadgendnen da arsebuli
situaciis gamosworeba ar ZaluZdaT.
guli SestkiodaT da im imediTRa inugeSebdnen
Tavs, rom gamoCndeboda vinme iseTi, vinc SeZlebda
arsebuli aRviraxsnilobis gamosworebas. netavi,
allahi Tu gamougzavnida maTac Suamavals ise,
rogorc es warsulSi xdeboda?!
yvelas am kiTxvis pasuxi ainteresebda. warsulSic hqonda adgili aseT viTarebebs. yoveli aseTi
ganukiTxaobis dros allahi adamianebs ugzavnida
swori gzis maCveneblebs Suamavlebs. is warmogzavnili Suamavalebi swor gzas qadagebdnen. adamianTagan zogs swamda maTi,zogni ki uars acxadebdnen.
magaliTad: nuhi, salihi, hudi allahis mier warmogzavnili Suamavlebi iyvnen. is xalxi,romlebsac
es Suamavlebi moevlinaT, meqas mcxovrebTa
msgavsad, allahis WeSmariti gzidan gadamcdarni
iyvnen. amitomac maT gasafrTxileblad gamogzavna
allahma Suamavlebi, romlebmac misi brZanebebis
gadasacemad udidesi jafa gaswies.
ibrahim Suamavalmac usiamovnebebi gadaitana.
maT,visac misi Suamavloba ar swamdaT,misi koconze
dawvac ki scades, magram allahma isxna igi am
gansacdelisgan.
allahma RvTiuri wigni gardamouvlina zogierT
Suamavals,romlebmac am wignebis meSveobiT xalxs
WeSmariteba uqadages: musa (mose) Suamavals
TevraTi (Tora) gardmouvlina, davud (daviTi) Suamavals_zeburi (fsalmunebi), isa (ieso) Suamavals
ki_injili (saxareba). yvela Suamavali adamianebs
samarTlianobisaken, sikeTisa da sispetakisaken
mouwodebda.
isa Suamavlis Semdgom daaxloebiT 6 saukune iyo
gasuli. adamianebi kvlav erTmaneTisadmi mtrobisa
da allahisadmi daumorCileblobis gzas daadgnen.
swavlulebi fiqrobdnen, rom ukve moaxloebuli
iyo axali Suamavlis movlinebis dro. yvela axali
Suamavlis mobrZanebas eloda.
bedniereba moevlina
samyaros
aprilis miwuruls abdulmutalibi SviliSvilis dabadebas eloda. Tvalebi gzisaken hqonda. es sasixarulo ambavi yovel wuTs SeiZleboda
ecnobebinaT misTvis. sul mcire xnis win gancdili
ambavi gaaxsenda da qaabesken mitrialda. Tvalwin
warmoudga, rac maSin moxda. gaaxsenda, Tu rogor
Sexvda qaabes dasangrevad mosul iemenis mmarTvel
mu
uhammed Su
uamavali
daibada 5771 wlis
s
20 aprils
s
GGGGGG
12 E 1. nawili E oboli muhammediE wminda muhammed Suamavali
1. nawili E oboli muhammediE wminda muhammed Suamavali E 13
naRvliani sixaruli Semoawva guls. axalSobili
mkerdze miikra. roca akoca da daynosa,abdullahis
surneli igrZno. Tvalebi cremliT daecvara da
rom aravis SeeniSna, amines miubrunda:
_ bavSvs ra davarqvaT?_ hkiTxa.
_ muhammedi!_ upasuxa aminem
moxuci erTi wuTiT Seyovnda. es saxeli misi
ojaxisaTvis ucxo iyo. aminem auxsna, rom mas sizmarSi xma Caesma: `Sen vaJi unda SegeZinos, mas
muhammedi daarqvi!" radgan gangebam ase ineba,abdulmutalibmac obol SviliSvils muhammedi daarqva.
`gana ar
ginax
xavs
s, Senma
RmerTma ra
damarTa spilos
s
patronebs
s? gana
ar gaacru
ua maTi
xrikebi? maT
zemodan
gamou
ugz
zavna
ebabilis
s Citebi.
maT (Citebma)
dau
uSines
s
gamomw
wvari Tix
xis
s
qvebi. is
sini
daams
sgavs
sa
gamof
fitu
uli
marcvlis
s
CenCos
s.""
(su
ura fili)
GGGGGG
`gana man oboli
ar gnax
xa da ar
Segif
fara?""
(su
ura du
uha,, aiaT
Ti 6)
GGGGGG
ebrehes da rogor waarTva mas aqlemebi. aseve
gaaxsenda, rac maSin ebrehes uTxra: `me aqlemebis
patroni var,amdenad me mxolod maTi dacva mevaleba. qaabes patroni didi allahia. darwmunebuli
var, mas allahi daicavso." ebrehe ki, misgan qaabes
gadarCenisaTvis Txovna_mudaras eloda. allahma
marTlac daicva qaabe. amiT abdulmutalibma erTxel kidev igrZno RmerTis Zala da sidiade.
_ Svilo abdullah!_ Tqva TavisTvis da guli
SeuRonda. abdullahi amineze daqorwinebidan
mcire xnis Semdeg daiRupa. axla ki SviliSvilis
dabadebis ambavs mouTmenlad eloda.
Semdeg moxucma patara SviliSvili qaabeSi waiyvana. xelebi aRapyro da SviliSvilis boZebisaTvis
allahisadmi madliereba gamoTqva. axalSobilze
am saxelis darqmevis mizeziT dainteresebulebs
igi ase pasuxobda:
_ raTa allahmaca da adamianebmac xotba Seasxan mas!
roca abdulmutalibi qaabedan saxlSi dabrunda,aminesTan axalSobilis sanaxavad misuli Tavisi
coli da vaJi_abbasi daxvda. abbasi jer kidev 3
wlis iyo. igi muhammedTan frTxilad mivida,
gakvirvebuli TvalebiT jer bavSvi SeaTvaliera,
Semdeg patara xeliT mas saxeze moefera,daixara da
akoca.
am dros maxarobeli moiWra:
_ samaxaroblo minda, abdulmutalib, SviliSvili SegeZinaT!_ aRtacebiT miaZaxa maxarobelma.
moxucma igrZno, rogor dauwyo gulma ufro
Zalumad cema. Tvalebidan sixarulis cremli gadmoeRvara.
swrafi nabijiT mivida ojaxSi. saxlSi yvela
mxridan pawawina SviliSvilis tirili ismoda.
dedasTan pirveli ganSoreba
da ucxo mxareSi yofna
meqa Tavisi klimaturi pirobebis gamo bavSvis
aRzrdisaTvis Sesaferisi adgili ar iyo. amitom
mu
uhammed
Su
uamavali ukve
hatijez
ze iyo
daqorw
winebu
uli,
roca meqaSi mis
s
sanax
xad halime
Camovida.
Su
uamavali mas
s
gadaex
xvia da as
se
mimarTa:
`s
sayvarelo
dedilo!"" ZiZas
s
gau
umas
spinZlda da
hkiTx
xa, xom
araf
fris
s uWirda.
halimem surs
saTis
s
naklebobas
sa da
gvalvaz
ze Camoagdo
sityva. mu
uhammed
Su
uamavalma mas
s 40
cx
xvari da erTi
aqlemi aCu
uqa.
GGGGGG
14 E 1. nawili E oboli muhammediE wminda muhammed Suamavali
1. nawili E oboli muhammediE wminda muhammed Suamavali E 15
meqaSi mcxovrebi bevri ojaxi, janmrTelad
aRzrdisaTvis axalSobils sofelSi ZiZasTan
agzavnida, sadac bavSvis aRzrda Semosavlis erTerTi wyaro iyo.
muhammedi axal ojaxSi swrafad izrdeboda.
ZuZumteebi Seima da abdullahic SeeCvivnen mas.
soflis garemoSi darboda, TamaSobda, cxvars
mwyemsavda da dReebs mxiarulad atarebda.
muhammedis dabadebidan erTi kviris Tavze,
tradiciis Sesabamisad aminec ZiZis Zebnas Seudga.
magram arc erT ZiZas ar surda qvrivis Svilis
ayvana, radganac fiqrobdnen, rom misgan sasurvel
anazRaurebas ver miiRebdnen.
halimem da misma meuRlem Tavidanve SeniSnes,rom
muhammedi gansakuTrebuli bavSvi iyo. amaSi isini im
garemoebam daarwmuna, rom maT ojaxSi muhammedis
Sesvlis dRidan mxiarulebam da xvavbaraqam imata.
abdulmutalibic ZiZis ZebniT iyo dakavebuli.
didi xnis Zebnis Semdeg i pova erTi qalbatoni,
romelsac halime erqva. `Cems obol SviliSvils
ZiZobas Tu gauwevo",_ hkiTxa mas. halime dafiqrda,
oboli bavSvis ayvana ar surda, magram im dRes
radganac iseTi bavSvi ver i pova, romlis ayvanac
ufro sasurveli iqneboda, qmars SeuTanxmda da
abdulmutalibis winadadebas daTanxmda,bavSvi aiyvana da mgzavrobis samzadisi daiWira. xangrZlivi
mogzaurobis Semdeg sofels miaRwies.
dro swrafad gavida. 5 wlis muhammedi dedasTan
unda dabrunebuliyo. halime da misi ojaxi imdenad
SeeCvivnen mas,rom misgan ganSoreba aRar undodaT...
halimem muhammedi meqaSi daabruna dedasTan... ganSorebis dros cremli ver Seikava, ise ewyina,
TiTqosda sakuTar Svils Sordeboda. meqa mwuxarem
datova da sofelSi dabrunda.
muhammedi dReebs dedasTan atarebda da mamiseul
keras TandaTan eCveoda.
dedis Zmebi medinaSi cxovrobdnen. aminem muhamme-
16 E 1. nawili E oboli muhammediE wminda muhammed Suamavali
1. nawiliE oboli muhammediE wminda muhammed Suamavali E 17
di,maTi gacnobisa da cota xniT iq darCenis mizniT,
biZebTan waiyvana. aRmzrdeli ummu eimenic Tan
axlda. medinaSi erTi Tve dahyves. Semdeg meqaSi
dasabruneblad gzas daadgnen. sofel ebvaSi, amine
SeuZlod gaxda.
muhammedi, romelmac mama medinas miwas, xolo
deda ki ebvas miwas miabara,axal TavSesafars eZebda.
amis Semdgom masze babuas_ abdulmutalibs unda
ezruna.
babua abdulmutalibi
dedis ukanaskneli ambori
meqaSi Casvlas xuTi momqancveli dRe mounda.
ukan dabrunebuli umme eimeni abdulmutalibs eZebda gamalebiT. imas fiqrobda,rogor aexsna abdulmutalibisaTvis amines gardacvalebis ambavi. erTi
wuTiT muhammedze SeaCera mzera. mamiT obol
muhammeds, aRarc deda hyavda.
`mu
uhammed
Su
uamavalma,
medinaSi jihreTis
s
Ses
sru
ulebis
s
Semdgom, dedis
s
saf
flavi
moinax
xula,
saf
flavis
s miw
wa
xelebiT Seas
swora
da cremlebi ver
Seikava. roca
tirilis
s miz
zez
zi
hkiTx
xes
s, as
se
upas
suxa: `dedis
s
monatrebam
amatira.""
GGGGGG
ummu eimenma, roca abdulmutalibi i pova, cremlebi veRar Seikava. marTalia, abdulmutalibs
rZlis avadmyofobis ambavi gaego, magram janmrTelobis ukanaskneli mdgomareobisa araferi
icoda, amitomac Zalian dardobda. ummu eimenTan
erTad amine rom ver dainaxa, SeSfoTda. ummu eimenis saxis gamometyvelebidan igrZno, rom mis Tavs
raRac ubedureba trialebda. ummu eimenma Tavi
daxara da amines gardacvaleba auwya. abdulmutalibma, TiTqosda tkivilis dasaokeblad, muhammedi mxurvaled Caikra gulSi.
Semdeg ummu eimenma dawvrilebiT mohyva, rac
moxda: medinadan rom wamovidnen, ori dRis mgzavrobis Semdeg ebvaSi amine SeuZlod gaxda. rogorc
ki aRsasrulis moaxloeba igrZno, Svils esaubra,
mas ukanasknelad eambora da miicvala.
xma gavarda `abdulmutalibi mokvdao". tiroda
mTeli ojaxi. muhammedic oTaxis erT kuTxeSi
uxmod icremleboda. am ambavma yvelaze metad mas
atkina guli,radganac babua mamasaviT uyvarda. igi
imdenad Tbilad epyroboda,rom misTvis obloba ar
ugrZnobinebia.
ori weli babuasTan ganuyrelad icxovra. erTad
iyvnen yvelgan. roca meqaSi gvalva iyo, babuam igi
wvimis vedrebazec ki waiyvana. umisod ar miirTmevda. sadac unda wasuliyvnen,mas yovelTvis sapatio
adgilze dasvamda. vinc amis mizeziT dainteresdeboda, ase pasuxobda:
`_ allahis nebiT, igi momavalSi Zalian didi
pirovneba unda gaxdes".
muhammedi gulamoskvnili tiroda. uceb xelis
Sexeba igrZno,gons moego,miixeda. win misi biZa_ ebu
Talibi idga. biZam xeli mohkida, fexze wamoayena,
Tmaze miealersa da uTxra: `babuam Seni Tavi me Camabarao". muhammedi amis gagonebaze biZamiss moexvia.
mu
uhammed
Su
uamavals
s
wlebis
s Semdeg,
roca bicola_
fatima es
sedis
s
as
suli
gardaecvala,
Zalian ew
wyina.
mis
sdami
siyvaru
uli
imdenad Zlieri
iyo, rom
Su
uamavalma es
s
grZnoba am
sityvebiT
gamox
xata: `dRes
s
deda
gardamecvala""
da mis
s sudarad
(qef
finad)
saku
uTari perangi
18 E 1. nawili E oboli muhammediE wminda muhammed Suamavali
biZa abu Talibi
gamgzavrebuliyo. SesaZloa mogzauroba ramdenime
Tves gagrZelebuliyo. biZamisis gareSe meqaSi martod darCena ar surda. amitom biZamiss damaskoSi
wayolis survili gaumxila. biZam auxsna: mas ar
waiyvanda im mizeziT,rom mogzauroba metad xangrZlivi da momqancveli iqneboda, SesaZloa am yvelafers igi daeavadmyofebina.
muhammdi atirda, aqlems avSaraSi mohkida xeli
da biZamiss SehRaRada: "Sen Tu waxval, me viRasTan
davrCe?"
dainteresebulebs,
Zmiswulis sityvebma abu Talibze seriozuli
gavlena moaxdina:
_ kargi,Senac Tan wagiyvan. amis Semdeg me da Sen
aRarasodes
davSordebiT
erTmaneTs._
upasuxa
muhammeds.
as
se upas
suxa:
amis Semdeg abu Talibs muhammedi marTlac
_ biZaCemis
s_ ebu
u
Talibis
s Semdeg,
bicolaCemis
s
ms
sgavs
sad aravis
s
uzru
unia Cemz
ze.
igi CemTvis
s
dedas
saviT iyo.
saku
uTar
Svilebz
ze adre
me damanayrebda
da damvarcx
xnida.
aRarasodes mouSorebia gverdidan da sadac midioda, isic Tan mihyavda.
abu Talibs mravalsuliani ojaxi hyavda da
ekonomikuradac
uWirdaT.
is
da
misi
roca mu
uhammeds
s
hkiTx
xes
s, rom
aseT viTarebaSi biZasTan gaizarda da davaJkac- ax
xalgaz
zrdobaSi
Tayvans
s
scemda Tu
u
da muhammedi.
ara kerpebs
s da
svamda Tu
u ara
alkoholu
ur
das
salevebs
s, man
upas
suxa: "ara!""
sakuTari SviliviT uvlida da arafers aklebda.
muhammedma gaigo,rom abu Talibi damaskoSi unda
mis
sca, mu
uhammed
Su
uamavalma,
bicolas
sadmi
as
seTi
siyvaru
ulis
s
miz
zez
ziT
1. nawili E oboli muhammediE wminda muhammed Suamavali E 19
meuRle
yovelTvis cdilobdnen, rom muhammedisTvis es ar
egrZnobinebinaT. muhammedic biZasa da bicolas
didi siyvaruliT epyroboda, xan saqmeebSi exmareboda, xan faras mwyemsavda, xan Zroxas. bicola mas
igi bavSvobidanve
Sors
s iyo im
uwmindu
urobaTagan,
ras
sac im
saz
zogadoebaSi
hqonda adgili.
GGGGGG
2. nawili E axalgazrda muhammediE wminda muhammed Suamavali E 21
nawili meore
axalgazrda muhammedi
Tanadgoma usamarTlobis
winaaRmdeg brZolaSi
rogorc vTqviT, im xanaSi umweoni da RaribRatakni mudam iCagrebodnen, mdidrebi da SeZlebulni ki yovelTvis imarjvebdnen da marTldebodnen. am mdgomareobas wertili unda dasmoda.
swored am mizanma gaaerTiana meqeli axalgazrdebi.
judanis vaJis_abdullahis saxlSi SekrebilTa
Soris muhammedic iyo. yvelas kargad esmoda,Tu ra
garyvnilobisa da uzneobis WaobSi imyofeboda
sazogadoeba. `RirseulTa sazogadoebis" saxeliT
SeTanxmdnen da erTmaneTs piroba misces, rom
daicavdnen meqas mkvidrTa da CamosulTa uflebebs.
kargad icodnen, Tu ramdenad Zneli iyo amis ganxorcieleba, magram am sirTules ar SeuSindnen da
uSeRavaTo brZola gaaCaRes adamianTa uflebebis
dasacavad.
im dros erTma vaWarma, romelic zebidis toms
ekuTvnoda, meqaSi gasayidad sami aqlemi saqoneli
ebu
u jehili:
mis
si namdvili
sax
xeli amr
hiSamis
s Zea. igi
yu
ureiSis
s tomis
s
maRali wris
s
warmomadgenelTa
gani iyo.
is
slamis
sadmi
mtrobis
s gamo
mu
uhammed
Su
uamavalma mas
s
ebu
u jehili
Searqva. ebu
u
jehili umecarTa
winamZRols
s
niSnavs
s.
GGGGGG
22 E 2. nawili E axalgazrda muhammediE wminda muhammed Suamavali
2. nawili E axalgazrda muhammediE wminda muhammed Suamavali E 23
Camoitana. ebu jehils, romelic meqaSi erT-erTi
gavleniani figura iyo, saqoneli moewona da
radganac vaWari ucxoeli iyo, misi Calis fasad
xelSi Cagdeba moindoma. vaWars Zalze dabali da
misTvis miuRebeli fasi SesTavaza. radgan vaWari
mis SeTavazebul fasze ar daeTanxma, ebu hejilma
Tavisi gavleniT isargebla da danarCen muStrebs
daemuqra, rom saqoneli ar eyidaT da gasayidi
darCeniliyo. kargad icoda man, rom meqaSi misgan
yvelas eSinoda da aravin isurvebda masTan
dapirispirebas, amitomac saxlSi guldamSvidebuli da darwmunebuli wavida.
miuaxlovda. Tvali qaliSvilze eWira. aSkara iyo,
cudi zraxvebi amoZravebda. mama SeSfoTda.
irgvliv mimoixeda, iqneba iseTi vinme epova, romelic maT daexmareboda. mzakvarma ucnobma qaliSvils
xeli staca da ise waaTria, rom umweo mamisaTvis
yuradRebac ar miuqcevia. mama, romelmac qaliSvilis gamtacebels winaaRmdegoba ver gauwia,
mosTqvamda da gamvlelsa da gamomvlels Svelas
Txovda. TviTmxilvelebma urCies,rom misuliyo da
Tavisi mdgomareoba `RirseulTa sazogadoebisTvis" aexsna.
sxva gamosavali aRar hqonda. pirdapir qaabesTan
mivida da daiyvira: `aravinaa aq RirseulTa sazogadoebidan vinme?". maSinve ramdenime SeiaraRebulma kacma miirbina masTan. SeeSinda... `ra gagWirvebia,
ucnobo?"- hkiTxes mas. iemenelma yvelaferi mouyva,
rac SeemTxva. SeiaraRebulebi maSinve mixvdnen,rom
ucnobisTvis qaliSvilis wamrmTmevi nubeihi iqneboda da pirdapir masTan mividnen, karSi SeCerdnen
da mkacrad mimarTes: `fu, Sens kacobas! ramodena
warmodgena gaqvs sakuTar Tavze? axlave gamouSvi
am kacis qaliSvili!" xolo, roca Seatyves, rom
nubeihi qaliSvilis gamoSvebas ar apirebda, igi
ufro kategoriuli toniT gaafrTxiles: `Cven am
saqmes Tavs ar gavanebebT. piroba gvaqvs erTmaneTze micemuli, daCagrulT mxareSi amovudgeT. es
Cveni movaleobaa. amitom qaliSvils Tu sakuTari
nebiT ar gamouSveb, iZulebuli iqnebi Seeguo im
Sedegs, rac amas mohyveba." nubeihs meti gza aRar
hqonda, qaliSvili mamas daubruna.
vaWari daibna. gamouval mdgomareobaSi Cavardnilma aRar icoda, ra eRona. swored am dros viRacam CasCurCula: `muhammedTan midi,is dagexmarebao".
vaWars meti raRa darCenoda, ukanaskneli imediT
mivida masTan da yvelaferi mouyva. muhammedma mousmina, bazarSi gavida da vaWris mTeli saqoneli
realur fasad iyida. Semdeg ebu jehilTan mivida,
karze daakakuna da igi amgvari saqcielis gamo
gaafrTxila. muhammedis am gabedulebiT gakvirvebulma ebu jehilma aRarc ki icoda,ra pasuxi gaeca
misTvis da krintic ver daZra. muhammedis qomagobiT gakvirvebuli darCa ara marto ebu jehili,
aramed yvela is, vinc piradad ixila da vis
yuramdec miaRwia es ambavi.
***
gza qorwinebisaken
im ganukiTxaobis periodSi, erTi iemeneli Tavis
qaliSvilTan erTad qaabes mosanaxuleblad meqaSi
Cavida. qalaqSi SesvlisTanave maT viRac ucnobi
hatije vaWrobiT iyo dakavebuli. igi meqaSi erTerTi umdidresTagani iyo. TandaTan xvdeboda, rom
24 E 2. nawili E axalgazrda muhammediE wminda muhammed Suamavali
2. nawiliE axalgazrda muhammediE wminda muhammed Suamavali E 25
amden saqmes marto veRar gawvdeboda, amitom iseT
pirovnebas eZebda, romelsac bolomde endoboda.
iseT periodSi, roca adamianebs erTmaneTisadmi
iotisodena ndobac ki aRar gaaCndaT, qalisaTvis
vaWroba sakmaod rTul saqmes warmoadgenda.
muhammedi mouvida azrad. nacnobebisagan gaego,
rom igi metad sando da patiosani pirovneba iyo.
amitom ufro rigiani iqneboda, vaWrobis saqme
misTvis miendo. mas Suakaci gaugzavna, raTa gaego,
Tu ra azris iqneboda igi amasTan dakavSirebiT.
muhammedi,xangrZlivi fiqris Semdgom,daTanxmda
am winadadebas da hatijes mTeli savaWro saqmianobis pasuxismgebloba sakuTar Tavze aiRo.
samagaliTo meuRle da
samagaliTo mama
* * *
damaskoSi
gasagzavni
qaravnis
samzadisi
TiTqmis dasrulebuli iyo. hatijem muhammedze
dasaxmareblad da kidev ufro kargad gasacnobad
qaravans misi damxmare meiserec gaayola.
muhammedma damaskoSi xangrZlivi mogzaurobis
Semdeg CaaRwia, saqoneli Zalian karg fasSi gayida
da didi mogeba naxa, axali saqoneli SeiZina da
meqaSi dabrunda. meiserem mogzaurobis dros
muhammedi ufro axlos gaicno. misma spetakma
zneobam uaRresad kargi STabeWdileba datova.
meqaSi dabrunebulma yvelaferi dawvrilebiT mouyva hatijes.
hatijes muhammedis patiosnebaSi eWvi aRar epareboda. pirveli savaWro qaravani, romlis pasuxismgeblobac mas ekuTvnoda, saR-salamaTi daabruna
damaskodan da didi mogebac naxa. patiosnebas veravin dauwunebda. mis zneobas da sispetakes yvela
xotbas asxamda.
hatije adre orjer iyo gaTxovili. rogorc
qvrivs,bevrma Txova xeli,magram yvela uariT gaistumra. dros sakuTar saxlze da saqmianobaze zrunvaSi atarebda. es mdgomareoba manam gagrZelda,
sanam muhammeds gaicnobda.
muhammedis pirovnebiTa da zneobiT aRtacebulma hatijem ifiqra, rom muhammedze daqorwineba SeiZleboda, rac SemdgomSi gadawyvita kidec.
muhammeds daqorwineba SesTavaza. 25 wlis muhammedma sakmao fiqris Semdeg hatijes qorwinebaze Tanxmoba misca.
maT ubralo qorwili gadaixades. qorwinebis
Semdeg muhammedi ebu Talibis saxlidan hatijesTan
gadavida sacxovreblad. igi vaWrobiT iyo dakavebuli da finansuradac aRar uWirda.
am xanebSi ebu Talibs ekonomikurad gauWirda.
muhammedma biZis mxarSi amosadgomad da dasaxmareblad ebu Talibis vaJi_ali masTan gadaiyvana.
muhammedsa da hatijes erTmaneTi Zalian uyvardaT. bednieri ojaxi Seqmnes da yvelas zneobis magaliTs aZlevdnen. pirveli Svilis gaCenam maTi bedniereba kidev ufro gaaZliera. baSvs yasimi daarqves. magram, samwuxarod, maTi es erTad-erTi vaJi,
_jahilies
s anu
u
umecrebis
s xanaSi,
maSin, roca
gogonebs
s
araviTar pativs
s
ar scemdnen,
mu
uhammed
Su
uamavali, roca
mis
si qaliSvili_
fatima ew
wveoda,
fex
xze
wamodgeboda,
loyebz
ze
akocebda da
Tavis
s adgilas
s
das
svamda.
GGGGGG
ebu
u lehebi da
mis
si meu
uRle,
is
slamis
s mtrebs
s
xelmZRvanelobdn
en. sura TebbeTi
swored maT mier
mu
uslimanebis
s
mimarT
borotebis
s gamo
gardmoevlna. im
xanebSi mu
uhhammed
Su
uamavlis
s ori
qaliSvili- ummu
u
gu
uls
sumi da
ru
uyie, ebu
u
lehebis
s or vaJz
ze
iyvnen
daniSnu
ulni.
roca su
ura
TebbeTi
gardmoevl
linna,, ebu
u
lehebma da misma
meu
uRl
lem mu
uhammed
Su
uamavl
lis
qal
liSvil
lebTann
maTi Svil
lebis
Seu
uRl
lebis saqme
iZu
ulebiT CaSal
les.
am ambavma mu
uhammed
Su
uamaval
li da
hatij
je Zal
liann cu
ud
situ
uaciaSi Caagdo,,
magram Svil
lebs
mx
xardaWera ar
daakl
les da
mTl
liann siZnnel
leebs
medgrad
gau
umkl
lavdnnenn.
26 E 2. nawili E axalgazrda muhammediE wminda muhammed Suamavali
2. nawili E axalgazrda muhammediE wminda muhammed Suamavali E 27
romelsac didi siyvaruliT zrdidnen, jer kidev
dedis ZuZus mitovebmade daiRupa. yasimis Semdgom
maT TanmimdevrobiT SeeZinaT: zeinabi, ummu gulsumi, ruyie, fatima da abdullahi.
varule mama, romelmac iwvnia Svilebis gardacvalebiT gamowveuli tanjva. uded_mamod gazrdilma, fatimas garda, yvela Svili sakuTari xeliT
miabara miwas.
mamam wlebis manZilze Svili_ zeidi eZeba,
icoda,rom igi monad iqca,magram kvals ver miagno.
roca gaigo,zeidi muhammedTan iyo, Zlieri mRelvareba daeufla. mis gamosaxsnelad eaxla
muhammeds da qviTiniT mdgomareoba auxsna. amave
dros eSinoda,SesaZlo iyo muhammeds zeidis gayidva ar esurva... oRond mieyida da ra fasic unda
eTqva, gadaxdisaTvis mzad iyo. muhammedi usityvod
zeids miubrunda:
_ gind CemTan darCi, gind mamaSens gayevi. am
sityvebma zeidis mama kidev ufro aaRelva. ueWveli
iyo,Svili mamas airCevda. zeidma rig_rigobiT jer
muhammeds Sexeda, mere mamas.
_ ar minda SenTan wamosvla!_ ganucxada mamas,_
imitom, rom am ojaxma Tqveni Tavi saerTod ar
momanatra. siyvaruli da simSvide aq vhpove. ar
minda, am ojaxs gaveyaro.
mama Svilis Seuvalobam gaakvirva. rogor SeiZleboda, misi Svili batonze aseTi damokidebuli
yofiliyo? es xom warmoudgeneli iyo! rogori
batoni iyo, rom monas ase uyvarda. mama, sofelSi
xelcarieli, magram guldamSvidebuli dabrunda.
zeidis aseTma saqcielma muhammeds guli auCuya
da igi SemdgomSi Svilad miiRo.
* * *
Semdgom wlebSi muhammeds mariesgan, romelzec
hatijes sikvdilis Semdeg medinaSi yofnisas
daqorwinda, ibrahimi SeeZina. ibrahimi dabadebisTanave, tradiciis mixedviT, ZiZas miabara. miuxedavad imisa, rom ZiZa Sors cxovrobda, muhammedi
Svilis sanaxavad xSir-xSirad dadioda. yvela misvlaze Svils hkocnida da efereboda.
weliwadnaxevris ibrahimi avad gaxda. roca es
muhammed Suamavals gaagebines,igi ramdenime megobris TanxlebiT saswrafod im soflisaken gaemarTa, romelSic ibrahimi izrdeboda.
Svili cud mdgomareobaSi daxvda. Suamavalma
igi frTxilad aiyvana xelSi ise, rom misTvis
araferi etkina. ibrahimi ukanasknel wuTebSi iyo.
Suamavalma Svilis sikvdilis yurebas veRar gauZlo da uxmod aqviTinda. Tvalebidan cremls Rvrida da Tan Svils hkocnida. mdgomareobam mis megobrebzec cudad imoqmeda, magram isini kidev ufro
Suamavlis cremlebma gaakvirva. `Senc stirixar?"_
hkiTxes. `Tvali itirebs, guli SeikumSeba. Cemi qviTinis mizezi Svilis siyvarulia. ar iqneba
Sebralebuli is,vinc ar Seibralebs."_ upasuxa Suamavalma.
Svilis daRupva mSoblisaTvis udidesi tanjvaa.
muhammed Suamavali iyo Svilebis Zlier mosiy-
mu
uhammed Su
uamavl
lis
TannamimdevarTagann
(sahabeTagann) raf
fi
ix
xsennebs erT
ambavs,, romel
lic
mas bavSvobaSi
SeemTx
xva:
bavSvobaSi
cel
lqobiT finnikis
xurmis xeebs qvebs
vesrodi. erTx
xel
lac
baRis patronnma
damiWira da
dasasj
jel
lad
mu
uhammed Su
uamaval
ls
mimgvara.
_ ratom esrodi
Svil
lo,, qvebs
xurmis xeebs?_
mkiTx
xa Su
uamaval
lma.
_ mSioda da
amitom vesrol
le._
vu
upasu
uxe me.
_ meored nuRar
esvri. Zirs
Camovardnnil
lebi
miirTvi da al
llahi
Senn gagaZRobs_
gamaf
frTx
xil
la mann,
Tmebz
ze momeal
lersa
da RmerTs
Seevedra_ RmerTo,,
gaaZRe igi!
28 E 2. nawili E axalgazrda muhammediE wminda muhammed Suamavali
mu
uhammed Su
uamavl
lis
Svil
liSvil
lebi
iRbl
liannebi iyvnnenn
imiT,, rom aseTi
babu
ua hyavdaT.
babu
ua maT
eTamaSeboda,,
ex
xumreboda da ise
gu
ulTbil
lad
eqceoda,, rogorc
mama.
Su
uamaval
ls Zal
liann
uyvarda
Svil
liSvil
li umame.
namaz
zis locvis
dros umame mas
zurgz
ze
moax
xteboda xol
lme,,
magram igi
Svil
liSvil
lis am
saqciel
lze ar
javrdeboda da
locvas
agrZel
lebda.
mu
uhammed Su
uamaval
li
Svil
liSvil
lebs
imdennad
gu
ulTbil
lad
epyroboda,, rom
maT masTann yof
fna
da TamaSi Zl
lier
siamovnnebdaT.
magal
liTad,, igi
Svil
liSvil
lebs_
hasannsa da hu
useinns
zurgz
ze Seisvamda,,
`bavSvebo,, aql
lemic
kargi gyavT da
Tqvennac kargebi
xarTo"", eytoda da
ase aseirnnebda.
mas yvela endoboda
muhammedi 35 wlis Sesrulda. erT dRes saxlidan
gamovida da dafiqrebuli wavida qaabesken. meqaSi
qurdoba, TaRliToba, ZmaTa Sorisi qiSpi Zalian
gaxSirda, adamianebs gauqraT is urTierTndobac,
romelsac aqamde moeRwia maTSi. mas es Zalian swyinda da undoda,raime eRona am mdgomareobis gamosasworeblad.
am fiqrebiT qaabes miuaxlovda,sadac didi xania
aRdgeniTi samuSaoebi mimdinareobda da misi
ukanaskneli mdgomareoba undoda enaxa. `ai,muhammedi,samarTliani da patiosani kaci!"_ erTxmad SesZaxes iq myofebma. muhammeds gaukvirda. Tavdapirvelad ver gaigo, Tu ra xdeboda. erT-erTma iq myofTaganma auxsna:
_ rogorc ici, didi xania qaabes vaSenebT. Cveni
winaprebis mier `hajerul esvedad~ anu Sav qvad
wodebuli es lodi gamoviReT da axla gvinda igi
isev Tavis adgilas CavsvaT. magram yvela tomi jiutad gaiZaxis: `yvelaze Rirseulebi Cven varT da es
qva Tavis adgilas ginda Tu ara Cven unda CavsvaTo." Cxubis dawyebas bevri aRaraferi aklda, roca
erT-erTma Cvenganma Tqva: `beni Seibes (anu
SeibesSvilTa) karidan vinc pirveli Semova, am sakiTxSi msajuloba man gaswioso." am winadadebas
yvela daveTanxmeT. mcire lodinis Semdeg,roca im
karSi pirveli Sen gamoCndi, Zalian gagvixarda.
meqaSi am, saqmisaTvis yvelaze Rirseuli pirovneba
Sen xar,rameTu iseT garemoSi,sadac Zmebic ki erTmaneTs ver vndobivarT, Cveni qoneba SegviZlia
mxolod da mxolod Sen CagabaroT.
radaganac muhammedma kargad icoda `hajerul
esvedis~
fasi,
gadawyvita,
Semdegnairad
moqceuliyo: qva fardagze dado, yvela tomis
winakaci moixmo da uTxra, xeli moekidebinaT
2. nawili E axalgazrda muhammediE wminda muhammed Suamavali E 29
fardagis kideebze. roca fardags yvelam xeli
mokida da wamoswia, manac qva aiRo da Tavis adgilas Casva.
muhammedis aseTi gadawyvetilebiT yvela tomi
kmayofili darCa da yvelam xotba Seasxa mis
gonierebas.
mu
uhammed Su
uamaval
ls
Seatyobinnes,, rom
misi erT-eerTi
Svil
liSvil
li Zal
lze
cidad iyo.
Su
uamaval
li maSinnve
zeinnabTann mivida.
Svil
liSvil
li
kal
lTaSi Caisva.
bavSvi ukannasknnel
l
wuTebSi iyo. cota
xannSi,, roca bavSvi
gardaicval
la,,
Su
uamaval
ls
creml
lebi
gadmoscvivda.
roca amis miz
zez
zi
hkiTx
xes,, mann ase
upasu
uxa: `es
creml
lebi al
llahis
mier adamiannTa
gu
ulebSi Cannergil
li
sibral
lulis
gamox
xatu
ulebaa.
al
llahs mow
wyal
le
adamiannebi uyvars.""
mu
uhammed Su
uamaval
ls
erT dRes,,
Svil
liSvil
li_
hasanni kal
lTaSi
Caesva da hkocnnida.
gverdiT ki Temimis
tomis erT-eerTi
gavl
lennianni piri
ej
jda. mas babu
uasa
da Svil
liSvil
ls
Soris aseTi
siax
xlove eu
ucx
xova.
_ me aTi Svil
li
myavs,, magram
arcerTisTvis ar
mikocnnia._ uTx
xra
mu
uhammed Su
uamaval
ls.
vinnc adamiannebs
lmobierad ar
eqceva,, mas arc
al
llahi moepyroba
lmobierad._
upasu
uxa
Su
uamaval
lma.
3 . n a w i l i E m u h a m m e d s S u a m a v l o b a e b o Z a E w m i n d a m u h a m m e d S u a m a v a l i E 31
nawili mesame
muhammeds Suamavloba
eboZa
pirveli Sexvedra jebrail
angelozTan.
muhammed Suamavali meqaSi sulieri SeWirvebis
Jams, fiqrisa da locvisTvis nuris mTaze mdebare
hiras gamoqvabulSi adioda. es iyo misi TavSesafari. nuris mTa imdenad maRali iyo,rom misi mwvervalidan, qaabes CaTvliT, mTeli meqa xelis guliviT Canda. muhammedi mTis simyudroves Tavs afarebda da xandaxan ramdenime dRiTac iq rCeboda.
hiraSi, erT-erT aseT gantvirTvis dRes, mTeli
Rame RvTismsaxurebaSi gaatara da moqanculi iyo.
Tendeboda. Ramis wyvdiadi qreboda. uceb mis win
iseTi arseba gaCnda,romelic manamde arsodes enaxa.
sanam gons moegeboda, ucxo arsebam ubrZana: `waikiTxe!" muhammed Suamavals Zalian SeeSinda. mRelvarebisgan akankalda. `me kiTxva ar vici"- upasuxa
SeSfoTebuli xmiT. ucxo arsebam xeli Semoxvia,
mouWira da cota xnis Semdeg gauSva. muhammed Suamavals erT xans iseTi grZnoba daeufla, TiTqos
ixrCoboda. `waikiTxe!"_ xelmeored ubrZana mas
ucxo arsebam. "me kiTxva ar vici"_ kvlav upasuxa
s alam_mSvidoba
mu
u hammed
Su
u amavals
s
al
llahi yvel
la
mu
usl
limanns
ubrZannebs,,_ xotba
Seasx
xann mu
uhammed
Su
uamaval
ls.
amitomac,, roca
mu
uhammed Su
uamavl
lis
sax
xel
ls gavigonnebT,,
`sal
llal
llahu
u
al
leihi ve sel
llem""s vambobT.
(Semokl
lebiT:
(s.a.s.)) es sitvebi
mu
uhammed Su
uamavl
lis
mimarT
pativiscemasa da
siyvaru
uls
gamox
xatavs da
niSnnavs: `al
llahi
locavdes da
hf
faravdes mas!""
GGGGGG
ueWvel
lad,, al
llahi
da misi mel
laiqebi
locavenn
Su
uamaval
l(mu
uhammed)s
, morw
wmu
unenno
Tqvennc dal
loceT
igi da sru
uli
morCil
lebiT sal
lami
miu
uZRvenniT mas.
(su
ura ahz
zabi aiaTi
56)
GGGGGG
pirvel
li STagonneba
mas 610 wel
ls,,
yadiris Rames,,
gardmoevl
liann.
GGGGGG
pirvel
li
gardmovl
lennil
li
aiaTebi,, su
ura
al
layis pirvel
li 5
aiaTia.
GGGGGG
sityva `al
lay"",
adamiannis gaCennis
stadiaSi myof
f
gannayof
fierebu
ul
kvercx
xujreds
(embrionns) niSnnavs.
GGGGGG
32 E 3 . n a w i l i E m u h a m m e d s S u a m a v l o b a e b o Z a E w m i n d a m u h a m m e d S u a m a v a l i
3 . n a w i l i E m u h a m m e d s S u a m a v l o b a e b o Z a E w m i n d a m u h a m m e d S u a m a v a l i E 33
man. mesamedac rom igive gaumeora, wminda muhammedma uTxra: `me kiTxva ar vici, ra wavikiTxo?" amis
pasuxad ucxom mas pirveli aiaTebi auwya, rac
Semdeg muhammed Suamavalma uneblied gaimeora:
mesaidumle hatije
`waikiTxe!
Seni gamCeni RmerTis saxeliT!
man adamiani Sededebuli sisxlisgan gaaCina.
waikiTxe, rameTu Seni RmerTi usazRvrod
guluxvia,
romelmac (adamians) aswavla kalmiT (wera).
aswavla adamians is, rac (adamianma) ar icoda."
SeeSinda. ver mimxvdariyo, ra xdeboda. gamoqvabulidan gareT gamovarda. saxlSi colTan_ hatijesTan eCqareboda. sirbiliT daeSva mTis ferdobze. uceb xma moesma: `Sen allahis Suamavali
xar, me ki_ jebraili." swored is xma iyo, gamoqvabulSi rom gaigona,oRond amjerad ufro mkveTri.
irgvliv mimoixeda,ecada gaerkvia,Tu romeli mxridan modioda xma. uceb imodena arseba dainaxa,
romelsac Tavisuflad SeeZlo horizonti daefara. arsebam erTxel kidev gaimeora: `Sen RmerTis
Suamavali xar,me ki_jebraili." muhammed Suamavalma nabijis gadadagma veRar moaxerxa, erT adgilas
gaSeSda. igrZno,sunTqva uWirda,mSvidad scada isev
im mxares gaxedva, romel mxaresac is arseba eguleboda. is arseba isev iq idga da igive sityvebs imeorebda. undoda misTvis Tvali moeSorebina da sxva
mxares gaexeda,magram romel mxaresac miatrialebda Tavs, yvelgan im arsebas xedavda.
ucxo arseba uceb gaqra. SeSinebulma muhammedma
ki nuris mTidan mSfoTvare nabijebiT meqasken
mousva. gza swrafad galia da saxlSi mSvidobiT
Sevida.
nuris mTidan dabrunebuli muhammed Suamavali
taxtze mosasveneblad wamogorda da akankalebuli
xmiT hatijes Txova,misTvis raime daexura. hatijem
qmars safari ki daaxura, magram veraferi gaigo, ra
moxda. muhammeds Rrmad CaeZina.
roca gaiRviZa, hatijes dawvrilebiT mouyva yvelaferi,rac Tavs gadaxda. `ar mesmis,ras unda niSnavdes es yvelaferi. SevSfoTdi da SemeSinda."_
dasZina bolos.
_ nu geSinia! vficav allahs, is arasodes Segarcxvens, radganac Sen, naTesaur urTierTobas
yuradRebiT ekidebi, simarTles laparakob, umweoTa da uqonelT mxarSi udgaxar,Raribs apureb,stumars maspinZlob, gansacdelSi Cavardnils Sveli,_
qmris damSvidebas Seecada hatije.
TviTonac dainteresda, Tu ras niSnavda es yvelaferi. qmars kargad icnobda da uyvarda igi. mas
Semdeg,rac icnobs da erTad cxovroben,misgan erTi
tyuilic ki ar gaugonia. aSkara iyo,meuRles raRac
Zalze uCveulo ram SeemTxva. misi sjeroda.
***
hatijes naTesavi veraya, gamocdili da ganswavluli pirovneba iyo. colma muhammedi masTan
miiyvana. mxolod mas SeeZlo imis axsna, rac Suamavals SeemTxva.
varayam yuradRebiT mousmina maT da xangrZlivi
fiqris Semdeg uTxra:
_ is, rac Sen naxe, melaqea (angelozia), romelsac jebraili hqvia. allahma musa (mose) Suamavalsac swored is gamougzavna. netav,axalgazrda viyo
da Sens gverdiT SemeZlos dgoma im dReebSi, roca
yu
u rann i
yu
uranni ukannasknnel
li
RvTiu
uri wignnia,,
romel
lic al
llahma
mu
uhammed Su
uamaval
ls
23 wlis
gannmavl
lobaSi
STagonnebis gz
ziT,,
aiaTebisa da
su
urebis sax
xiT
gardmou
uvl
linna.
yu
uranni 114
su
urasagann Sedgeba,,
rac mTl
liannobaSi
6236 aiaTs Seicavs.
yu
uranni al
llahis
sityvaa,, misi kiTx
xva
ki_ RvTismsax
xureba.
Siecavs im
prinncipebs,,
brZannebebs,,
akrZal
lvebsa da
rCevebs,, roml
lebic
adamianns
amqveynniu
ursa da
imqveynniu
ur
bednnierebas
az
ziarebs.
`u
ueWvel
lad,, yu
uranni
(adamiannebs) yvel
laz
ze
WeSmarit gz
zas
aCvennebs.""
(sura isra, aiaTi 9)
34 E 3 . n a w i l i E m u h a m m e d s S u a m a v l o b a e b o Z a E w m i n d a m u h a m m e d S u a m a v a l i
3 . n a w i l i E m u h a m m e d s S u a m a v l o b a e b o Z a E w m i n d a m u h a m m e d S u a m a v a l i E 35
es xalxi Sen Senive samSoblodan gagaZevebs.
hatijem da muhammed Suamavalma erTmaneTs
gadaxedes. Suamavals saxeze misTvis uCveulo
mRelvare gamometyveleba aRebeWda:
_ ese igi, samSoblodan unda gamaZevon, ara?_
ikiTxa mwuxare xmiT.
_ diax! gagaZeveben, rameTu rasac Sen iqadageb,
imis mqadagebeli yvela Suamavali gaZevebuli iqna
samSoblodan. Tu manamde vicoxle, aucileblad
dagexmarebi. _ upasuxa varayam.
am saubris Semdeg muhammed Suamavali cotaTi
damSvidda. hatijes misi swamda da endoboda kidec.
varaya Zalian mniSvnelovan rameebs ambobda.
muhammed
Suamavali
Seecada
mis
sityvebSi
garkveuliyo... aSkarad Canda, rom mas axali misia
eloda. igi ukve allahis mier Suamavalobis uflebamosilebiT aRWurvili piri iyo. 40 wlisas adamianebi WeSmarit gzaze unda miepatiJebina da
borotebas Serkineboda.
muhammed
Suamavlis
meuRle_
hatije
da
biZaSvili_ali iyvnen. muhammed Suamavali Tvis
ojaxTan erTad Cum_Cumad allahisadmi RvTismsaxurebas Seudga. amasTan erTad xelsayrel moments
xelidan ar uSvebda da meqelebsac epatiJeboda
islamze. WeSmariti sarwmunoebis qadagebisas seriozul problemebsa da winaaRmdegobas awydeboda
da mravali Seuracxyofis atana uxdeboda, magram
miuxedavad amisa, mis mimdevarTa ricxvi dRiTidRe
izrdeboda.
***
`absoluturad aravinac rom ar irwmunos,me virwmuneb."_ Tqva hatijem, roca muhammed Suamavalma
yuranis pirveli aiaTebi waikiTxa. am sityvebma
muhammed Suamavals cotaTi mainc Seumsubuqa tvirTi. Seumsubuqa, radganac mas adamianis SesaZleblobisaTvis yvelaze ukiduresi pasuxismgebloba
daekisra. igi sul imis fiqrSi iyo, vin daujerebda
mas!
erTis mxriv aseTi wminda,mZime da sapatio pasuxismgebloba ekisra, meores mxriv ki gverdSi edga
sando, erTguli da gamgebiani meuRle, hatije.
swored ase sZlevda muhammed Suamavali Suamavlobis pirvel mZime dReebs.
pirvelebi, vinc axali sarwmunoeba irwmunes,
islami vrceldeba
allahma muhammed Suamavals sarwmunoebaze
axloblebis mi patiJeba daavala. muhammed Suamavalma am mizniT wveuleba gamarTa, sadac yvela
Tavisi naTesavi miiwvia da Wamis Semdeg isini
islamze dapatiJa.
biZamisi_ ebu lehebi am patiJs didi winaaRmdegobiT Sexvda:
_ sxva aravin minaxavs iseTi,vinc Tavis naTesavs
aseT cud rameze epatiJebodes,_ ganacxada man. am
sityvebze wveuleba daiSala. magram muhammedis
gadawyvetileba mtkice iyo da meore dResac miiwvia
isini sadilze. am Sekrebaze allahis arsebobasa da
erTobaze isaubra, maT acnoba, rom igi allahis
ukanaskneli Suamavalia da unda,rom allahis mier
masze dakisrebuli es wminda misia pirnaTlad da
srulyofilad Seasrulos.
muhammed Suamavals surda, axloblebis Semdeg
mTeli meqa daepatiJebina islamze. am mizniT meqas
moedanze gavida, SemaRlebuli adgili moarCia da
gasZaxa: `yureiSelebo!" visac xma miswvda,yvela mis
irgvliv Segrovda.
_ axla me rom Tqven giTxraT: ai, am mTis ukan
mteri dgas da Tavs unda dagesxaT- meTqi, dami-
`u
upirvel
lesad,, Senni
naTesavebi
gaaf
frTx
xil
le.
gadaaf
fare Senni
mf
farvel
lobis frTa
imas,, vinnc
dagij
jera Senn
mu
usl
limannTagann.
xol
lo Tu
u
geu
urCebiann Senn,
maSinn uTx
xari:
ueWvel
lad,, me Sors
var imisgann, rasac
Tqvenn sCadix
xarT.""
(su
ura Su
uara,, aiaTi
214,, 215,, 216)
GGGGGG
36 E 3 . n a w i l i E m u h a m m e d s S u a m a v l o b a e b o Z a E w m i n d a m u h a m m e d S u a m a v a l i
jerebT?_ SeekiTxa igi iq mogrovilT.
_ ra Tqma unda, Cven Sengan jer tyuili ar
gagvigonia._ upasuxes erTxmad. Suamavalma maTi
dainteresebiT isargebla da mimarTa:
_ vficav allahs, rom erT dRes unda mokvdeT,
erT dResac unda gacocxldeT da yoveli Tqveni
saqcielisaTvis unda ganikiTxoT. kargebisTvis
samoTxea,cudebisaTvis ki_ jojoxeTi. me damekisra
misia, gagafrTxiloT im gansacdelis Sesaxeb,
romelic gankiTxvis dRes geliT. is, vinc irwmunebs
allahis erTobasa da Cems Suamavlobas, am
gansacdels gadaurCeba, xolo vinc ar irwmunebs,
did gasaWirSi Cavardeba. mzad xarT, mxarSi amomidgeT am saqmeSi?
moedanze Sekrebilni aseTma patiJma gaakvirva.
ebu lehebma aqac umuxTla: qva aiRo, muhammed Suamavals esrola da Tan dauyvira:
_ aq, am sisuleleebis mosasmenad Segvyare?
marTalia, am SekrebiT muhammed Suamavalma verafer warmatebas ver miaRwia,magram is moaxerxa,rom
meqas yvela mkvidrs xma miawvdna islamze wminda
patiJis Sesaxeb.
3 . n a w i l i E m u h a m m e d s S u a m a v l o b a e b o Z a E w m i n d a m u h a m m e d S u a m a v a l i E 37
eTiopel
li
bil
l al
l i (bil
l al
li
habeSi)
pirveli muslimanebi da
erqamis saxli
omari hattabis Ze guladi da mamaci kaci iyo.
aravin isurvebda mis winaaRmdeg gamosvlas. vinc
mas dainaxavda, mxars icvlida da sxva mimarTulebiT wavidoda. muhammedis mier sakuTri Tavis
RmerTis Suamavlad gamocxadebis ambavi mis
yuramdec mivida, saSinlad ganrisxda da misi
ganadgureba ganizraxa. gzad nuaims gadaeyara. nuaimi gamuslimanebuli iyo. magram malavda.
_ agre saiT gagiwevia,omar?- hkiTxa omars,ra naxa
igi aseTi ganrisxebuli.
_muhammedi unda movkla._ upasuxa omarma.
rTuli saqme gadagiwyvetia. RmerTmani._ uTxra
gakvirvebulma nuaimma da muhammed Suamavlis
dacvisa da omaris dabrkolebis mizniT daamata:
magas Tavi daanebe da Sens dasa da siZes mixede,
isinic gamuslimandnen.
amis gamgoni omari kidev ufro gacecxlda, ganrisxebuli axla dis saxlisaken gaqanda.
saxlTan misuls Signidan yuranis kiTxvis xma
moesma. cota xans usmina da roca darwmunda, rom
daca da siZec gamuslimanebuliyvnen, moulodnelad Sevarda saxlSi, sanam isini gons moegebodnen, orive sxvadasxva kuTxeSi moisrola, ganrisxebulma is iyo maT dasaxocad xmalze itaca xeli,
rom sisxliT mosvrilma da acremlebulma dam
Sehkivla:
_ allahisa geSinodes, omar! Senc gaigone_ Cven
islami miviReT. rac unda gaakeTo, Cveni rwmenidan
ver mogvabruneb, Cvens rjuls ar vuRalatebT!
erT-eerTma monnam,,
sax
xel
lad bil
lal
lim
isl
lami miiRo.
misma batonnma,,
Tavisgann
unebarTod
isl
lamis miRebis
gamo,, saSinnel
li
wamebiT dasaj
ja igi
da imisaTvis,, rom
am rw
wmennaz
ze uari
eTqmevinnebinna,,
udabnnos papnnaqeba
sicx
xeSi qviSaz
ze
daaw
wvinna,, mkerdz
ze
mZime qvebi daaw
wyo
da emu
uqreboda: `Tu
u
mag sarw
wmu
unoebas
ar uaryof
f, ase
amogx
xdi su
ulso.""
miu
uxedavad
yovel
live am
tannjva-w
wamebisa,,
wminnda bil
lal
li
mainnc gaiZax
xoda:
`al
llahi
erTaderTia da
yvel
laz
ze
udidesiao.""
GGGGGG
tann j vaSeviw
w roeba
mu
u hhammed
Su
u amavl
l isa.
mu
uhammed Su
uamavl
lis
TannamimdevarTagann
mu
unbiTi
mogviTx
xrobs:
al
llahis Su
uamaval
li
davinnax
xe. is am
sityvebs imeorebda:
`Tu
u, laa il
llahe
il
llllah-s
s
ityviT,,
gadarCebiT."" amis
Tqmaz
ze mas
adamiannebTagann
zogi af
furTx
xebda,,
zogi Tavz
ze miw
was
ayrida,, zogic cu
ud
sityvebs eu
ubnneboda.
es mdgomareoba
samx
xrobis (iqinndis)
locvis drois
mosvl
lamde
gagrZel
lda. im
dros mu
uhammed
Su
uamavl
lis
qal
liSvil
lma_
zeinnabma Wu
urWl
liT
savse wyal
li
moitanna. is
gal
lamoskvnnil
li
tiroda. mu
uhammed
Su
uamaval
lma xel
lpiri daibanna,,
cotac dal
lia da
Tavis qal
liSvil
ls
uTx
xra: `nnu tiri
Cemo gogo! eWvi ar
aris,, rom al
llahi
mamaSenns daicavs.""
GGGGGG
38 E 3 . n a w i l i E m u h a m m e d s S u a m a v l o b a e b o Z a E w m i n d a m u h a m m e d S u a m a v a l i
3 . n a w i l i E m u h a m m e d s S u a m a v l o b a e b o Z a E w m i n d a m u h a m m e d S u a m a v a l i E 39
dis aseTma saqcielma ganacvifra, rogor bedavda igi omarze SewinaaRmdegebas?! erTi wamiT SeCerda, Tumca momxdarSi bolomde mainc ver gaerkva.
igrZno, rom xmliani xeli ukankalebda. dajda da
Cafiqrda, Semdeg das hkiTxa, Tu ras kiTxulobdnen
isini. dam rom dainaxa, Zmas mrisxaneba gaunelda,
aiaTebi aCvena.
omari yuranis aiaTebis kiTxvas Seudga. gakvirvebuli col-qmari omars Tvals ar aSorebda. rac
ufro kiTxulobda,miT ufro eqceoda misi zegavlenis qveS. is mrisxane omari Seicvala da sxva
pirovnebad iqca. das erqamis saxlis misamarTi
hkiTxa da wavida. omars misTvis uCveulo grZnoba
daeufla.
maSin, roca mis mimdevarTa raodenoba Zalzed
mcire iyo,muhammed Suamavali Sesakrebad iseT adgils
arCevda, sadac
naklebad
miiqcevdnen
yuradRebas. radgan erqamis saxli meqas gareT mdebareobda da TavSeyrisaTvis yvelaze xelsayreli
iyo,Suamavali da misi mimdevrebic iq ikribebodnen.
nuaimi sirbiliT mivarda erqamis saxlSi da iq
myofebs omaris ganzraxva Seatyobina.
yvela iq myofma, muhammedis dasacavad xmali
moimarjva da omars dauwyo lodini, Tundac es
sakuTari sicocxlis fasad dajdomodaT.
roca omari erqamis salxSi mivida, irgvliv
siCume sufevda. man muhammed SuamavalTan Sexvedra
iTxova. Suamavalma omaris masTan misvla isurva.
omari muhhamed Suamavals eaxla, mis winaSe muxli
moiyara da aRtacebuli warmoTqva:
_ laa ilaahe illallah, muhammedun rasulullah (ar arsebobs RmerTi garda allahisa, muhammedi ki allahis Suamavalia).
omarma erqamis saxlSi myofTa winaSe islami
miiRo.
misma gamuslimanebam morwmuneebi kidev ufro
gaaZliera. pirdapir qaabeSi mividnen da namazi
iloces. muslimanebi maTi rwmenis malvis saWiroe-
bas aRar grZnobdnen. maTi ricxvi dRiTidRe izrdeboda da erqamis saxlSi veRar eteodnen.
islamze
mi patiJeba
meqaTi
ar
unda
SemosazRvruliyo. amitom Suamavali meqas gareT
mcxovrebi tomebis movla-monaxulebas Seudga. zog
adgilas pativiscemiT xvdebodnen, zog adgilas ki
autanel Seuracxyofas ayenebdnen. mravali winaaRmdegobisa da siglaxis miuxedavad, muhammed Suamavali Seudreklad da sasowarkveTilebis gareSe
cdilobda, yvelas yuramde miewvdina xma islamisa.
daSineba iwyeba
muslimanTa ricxvi izrdeboda, rac didad
aSinebda urwmunoebs. muslimanebis dasaTrgunavad
da islamis gavrcelebaSi xelis SesaSlelad, maT
sazoagadoebaSi muslimanebis dacinva da gamasxaraveba daiwyes. yvelgan, sadac ki muslimans Sexvdebodnen,fizikur da sityvier Seuracxyofas ayenebdnen, dascinodnen muhammed Suamavalsac. sadac ki
dainaxavdnen, maSinve ayvirdebodnen: `SexedeT,
SexedeT! ai, es kaci Turme cidan ambavs iRebs." amiTac ar kmayofildebodnen da Suamavals giJs,jadoqarsa da mkiTxavs uwodebdnen, imis miuxedavad, rom
Zalian kargad icnobdnen mas. muslimanebisadmi
urwmunoTa gaborotebam iqamde miaRwia, rom maTi
fizikuri ganadgurebac ki ganizraxes.
miuxedavad
didi
Zalisxmevisa,
islamis
gavrcelebas mainc ver abrkolebdnen. rjuls
aravin Ralatobda. ver gadaewyvitaT, ra eRonaT?
meqas mowinave da gavleniani pirebi Seikribnen da
muhammed Suamavlis biZasTan_ ebu TalibTan misvla
gadawyvites. misTvis situacia unda aexsnaT da eTxovaT,rom aRekveTa muhammedisaTvis islamis qadageba.
sarwmunoebisaTvis
pirveli
daRupulni
(Sehidi):
iasiri da misi
meu
uRl
le- su
umeie
gamu
usl
limanndnnenn. es
rom urw
wmu
unoebma
gaiges,, isinni
aw
wames. col
l-qqmari
Rarib- Rataknni da
umw
weonni iyvnnenn,
amitomac qomagi
aravinn hyavdaT,,
magram maT Rrmad
sw
wamdaT isl
lami,,
amdennad Su
uamavl
lis
mow
winnaaRmdege ebu
u
jehil
lis mier
miyennebu
ulma
au
utannel
lma tannjvam
isinni ver gatex
xa
da kvl
lav rw
wmennis
usaz
zRvro
erTgu
ulebi
darCnnenn. roca ebu
u
jehil
lma isinni ver
gadaibira da
saw
wadel
ls ver
miaRw
wia,, orivenni
Su
ubiT dax
xoca.
iasiri da misi
meu
uRl
le su
umeie
pirvel
li
mu
usl
limannebi iyvnnenn,
roml
lebmac
saku
uTari
sicocx
xle
isl
lamisaTvis
msx
xverpl
lad gaiRes.
GGGGGG
40 E 3 . n a w i l i E m u h a m m e d s S u a m a v l o b a e b o Z a E w m i n d a m u h a m m e d S u a m a v a l i
3 . n a w i l i E m u h a m m e d s S u a m a v l o b a e b o Z a E w m i n d a m u h a m m e d S u a m a v a l i E 41
_ Sens Zmiswuls daelaparake,Sewyvitos es saqmianoba._ uTxres ebu Talibs.
ebu Talibma Zmiswuli daibara da arsebuli
situacia gaacno. muhammed Suamavalma biZas upasuxa:
_marjvena xelSi mze rom momcen, marcxenaSi ki_
mTvare, am saqmianobas sikvdilamde Tavs ar
davanebeb.
sinamdvileSi ebu Talibma icoda Tu rogor aviwroebdnen muslimanebs meqaSi. Zmiswulis Suamavlobam masze didad imoqmeda. ar undoda,mas raime
feTeraki SemTxveoda da mxareSi amoudga:
_ nu geSinia, sanam cocxali var, isini verafers
dagakleben._ anugeSa Zmiswuli.
gadacema, piriqiT, yvelaferi iRones mis dasacavad.
aseT yofaSi sami weli gaatares. urwmunoebs
imedi gaucruvdaT da sabolood gatydnen. ramdenime pirma,romelTa Soris muhammed Suamavlis naTesavebic iyvnen,qaabeze Camokidebuli xelSekruleba
gaanadgura da blokadac dasrulda. muslimanebi
am boikotma ufro gaaZliera.
***
roca meqeli kerpTayvanismcemelni mixvdnen,rom
muhammed Suamavals qadagebis Sewyvetaze nebiT ver
daiyoliebdnen, gadawyvites brZolis sxva gza ecadaT. urTierT xelSekruleba gaaformes da qaabeze
Camokides,romelSic naTqvami iyo,rom isini muslimanebTan da muhammedis naTesaobasTan yovelgvar
urTierTobas wyvetdnen manam,sanam muhammeds cocxals an mkvdars maT ar Caabarebdnen. Suamavlis
naTesaoba da muslimanebi oficialurad mtrad
gamoacxades, aikrZala maTTan saubaric, vaWrobaca
da qalis Txovna- gaTxovebac.
amiT muslimanebisaTvis xangrZlivi gaWirvebis
periodi daiwyo. veRar vaWrobdnen, veRar yidulobdnen da veRar hyiddnen raimes, amitom SimSilobam da gaWirvebam ukidures zRvars miaRwia.
yovelive amis miuxedavad, maT arasdros ufiqriaT
kerpTayvanismcemelTaTvis
muhammed
Suamavlis
mwuxarebis weli
boikoti dasrulda da muslimanebmac SvebiT
amoisunTqes, Tumca am movlenidan ramdenime Tvis
Semdeg erTimeoris miyolebiT ori mZime mwuxarebac gadaitanes, ramac Suamavals Zalian daswyvita
guli: muhmmed Suamavlis biZa- ebu Talibi da
meuRle_ hatije gardaicvala. orive es pirovneba
did daxmarebas uwevda mas Tavisi misiis ganxorcielebaSi. umZimesi gansacdelis dReebSic ki,
arcerT maTgans ar miutivebia igi, orive bolomde
edga mxarSi. misTvis orive gansacdelis dReebis
TavSesafars warmoadgenda. `am dReebSi Cems mimdevarTa Tavs damtydari am ori ubedurebidan,ar vici
SemdgomSi romliT ufro davzaraldebi."_ Tqva man.
es weli misTvis mwuxarebis weli iyo.
w minn da hatij
j e:
mu
uhammed Su
uamaval
ls
meu
uRl
le-_
_ hatij
je
ise Zl
lier uyvarda,,
rom is misi
sikvdil
lis
Semdegac ver
daiviw
wya. igi
yovel
lTvis
siamayiT ix
xsennebda
sayvarel
li meu
uRl
lis
mx
xardaWeras,,
megobrobasa da
Tavgamodebas.
ix
xsennebda,, vinnaidann
hatij
je mas yvel
laz
ze
didi gannsacdel
lis
dros edga mx
xarSi,,
misi maSinn irw
wmu
una,,
roca jer aravis
sw
wamda. mu
uhammed
Su
uamavl
lis Semdeg
col
li_ aiSe
cdil
lobda wminnda
hatij
jesaTvis
miebaZa.
GGGGGG
42 E 3 . n a w i l i E m u h a m m e d s S u a m a v l o b a e b o Z a E w m i n d a m u h a m m e d S u a m a v a l i
3 . n a w i l i E m u h a m m e d s S u a m a v l o b a e b o Z a E w m i n d a m u h a m m e d S u a m a v a l i E 43
axali samSoblos Zieba
eTiopia
uhudis mTa
medina
kuba
bediris
veli
ebva
abisin
ia. eT
iopia
meqaSi cxovreba autaneli xdeboda. muslimanTa
mimarT ganxorcielebuli represiebi yoveldRiurad matulobda. amitom muhhammed Suamavalma axali
samSoblos Zebna daiwyo. pirvelad TxuTmetkacian
jgufs darTo neba eTiopiaSi wasasvlelad. es muslimanTa pirveli hijreTi (gadasaxleba) iyo. urwmunoebi
danarCen
muslimanebze
zewolas
aZlierebdnen. Seviwroebul muslimanebs RvTismsaxureba mkacr pirobebSi uxdebodaT. erTi wlis
Semdeg amjerad askaciani jgufi malulad wavida
eTiopiaSi. meqelma urwmunoebma, winaaRmdegobis
gasawevad, eTiopiaSi elCebi gaagzavnes.
eTiopiis mefis nejaSis winaSe warmsdgarma
elCebma xelmwifes Zvirfasi saCuqrebi miarTves,
roca maT mefem vinaoba hkiTxa, upasuxes:
_ Cven meqadan movdivarT. meqadan gamoparuli da
Tqvens qveyanaSi TavSefarebuli adamianebis wasayvanad movediT.
_ ratom gindaT am adamianebis ukan wayvana?_
dainteresda nejaSi.
elCebma auxsnes, rom meqadan eTiopiaSi Camosulebma winaparTa sarwmunoebas uRalates,muslimanoba iwames da mis gavrcelebas cdiloben,gvinda,
winaaRmdegoba gavuwioTo.
cota xnis dumilis Semdeg nejaSi fexze wamodga.
mis qveyanaSi Sefarebuli muslimanebis urwmunoebze gadacema wuTierad gaifiqra. Tumca aseTi qceva
mis samarTlianobas ar Seefereboda. saWiro iyo,
meore mxarisTvisac moesmina. mefem qveyanaSi
Sekedlebuli muslimanebis moyvana brZana.
nejaSma elCebis monaTxrobi muslimanebs gaac-
hudeibie
meqa
biri maure
reji
taifa
sevris mTa
44 E 3 . n a w i l i E m u h a m m e d s S u a m a v l o b a e b o Z a E w m i n d a m u h a m m e d S u a m a v a l i
no. `raime saTqmeli xom ar gaqvT?" hkiTxa maT. muslimanTagan abu Talibis Svili jafari win gamovida da Tqva:
_ Cven uwmindurobaSi viyaviT yelamde CaZiruli.
allahma isev Cvengan marTali, sando da keTilSobili adamiani Suamavlad mogvivlina. am pirovnebam
allahis erTobis rwmena da masze msaxureba
gviqadaga,davgmeT is kerpebi,romlebsac Cveni mamapapani Tayvans scemdnen. man gvibrZana simarTlis
Tqma, anabarze patronoba, naTesauri kavSirebis
mtkiced SenarCuneba, mezoblebTan kargi urTierTobis Camoyalibeba da sisxlis aRebis tradiciaze
uaris Tqma. agvikrZala uzneobis Cadena, tyuilze
damowmeba, sxvsi qonebis miTviseba, dasmena, mruSoba
da qurdoba. gvibrZana,RvTismsaxureba aRvasruloT
mxolod allahisadmi da ar gavuCinoT mas moziare.
Cvenc davujereT da ise moviqeciT,rogorc allahma ubrZana mas. rac halalad (nebadarTulad) dagviweses, halalad (nebadarTulad) vscaniT. magram
Cveni mowinaaRmdegeebi Zalian sastikad mogveqcnen.
yvela xerxi da Rone gamoiyenes imisaTvis,rom xeli
agveRo Cvens sarwmunoebaze. radganac sxva
gamosavali
aRar
gvqonda, Tqvens
qveyanas
SemovekedleT.
nejaSma monayoli yuradRebiT moismina da
jafars allahis aiaTebis wakiTxva Txova. jafarma
mefes mariemis suris erT-erTi nawili waukiTxa.
nejaSma allahis aiaTebi rom moismina, mixvda, rom
elCebi simarTles ar laparakobdnen. maT kategoriulad uTxra, rom muslimanebs ar gadascemda, Tu
muslimanebi moisurvebdnen, SeeZloT mis qveyanaSi
mSvidad da usafrTxod ecxovraT. elCebi maTive
motanil saCuqrebTan erTad xelcarieli ukan
gaabruna.
3 . n a w i l i E m u h a m m e d s S u a m a v l o b a e b o Z a E w m i n d a m u h a m m e d S u a m a v a l i E 45
taifi
muhammed Suamavali colis_ wminda hatijes
sikvdilidan erTi Tvis Semdeg Svilobil zeidTan
erTad, taifSi wavida. mogzaurobis mizani iyo,
meqaSi arsebul gansacdels cotaxniT ganSoreboda da sxvadasxva qveynis xalxisaTvis islami aexsna.
muhammed Suamavalma taifSi Sekrebilebs auxsna,
rom (RmerTi) allahi arsebobs da is erTaderTia,
Tavad ki misi ukanaskneli Suamavalia. taifelebma
muhammed Suamavalsa da zeids Seuracxyofa
miayenes, monebma da bavSvebma qvebi dauSines. zeidi
gulmodgined icavda Suamavals, raTa nasroli
qvebi ar moxvedroda. cdilobdnen iqaurobas
uvneblad ganSorebodnen, Tumca... sxeulze, sadac
qvebi xvdebodaT,sisxli CamosdiodaT. muhammed Suamavals fexebi daekawra da dauSavda, miwaze ecemoda, roca wamodgeboda, isev qvebs esrodnen da dascinodnen. roca muhammed Suamavali da zeidi iqaurobas gaSordnen,damwuxrebuli da daRlili erTi
vazis CrdilSi Camosxdnen; muhammed Suamavalma
aseTi sityvebi warmoTqva:
_ Cemo allaho! gamouval da uZlur mdgomareobaSi aRmovCndi. SemiZlia mxolod Sen giTxra,rom
urwmunoebis mimarT rTul da gamouval mdgomareobaSi var. Cemo allaho! Sena xar sustTa mfarveli.
ueWvelad, Sen xar yovelTa ZalTa mflobeli da
icav adamians yovelgvari borotebisagan.
muhammed Suamavalma ar daswyevla isinic ki,
vinac aseTi cudi dRe daawia. ar daswyevla,
radganac igi mowyalebisa da siyvarulis Suamavali iyo.
aqabe: medinasken mimavali gza
israsa da miraj
j is
saocreba:
samw
wlianni rTu
uli
boikotis Semdeg,,
mu
uhammed Su
uamaval
li,,
romel
lmac biZa da
meu
uRl
le dakarga,,
taif
fidannac
xel
lcariel
li
dabru
unebam kidev
daamw
wuxra. am
gaWirvebis dReebSi
yovl
lisSemZl
le
al
llahs
dax
xmarebisaTvis
evedreboda.
erT Rames,, rodesac
mu
uhammed Su
uamaval
li
qaabeSi locu
ulobda,,
jebrail
li moevl
linna.
jebrail
lma mu
uhammed
Su
uamaval
li meqadann
ieru
usal
limSi mdebare
meCeTSi- `mesj
jidi
aysaSi~~ gadaiyvanna,,
saidannac orivenni
cad amaRl
ldnnenn. amas
israsa da miiraj
jis
(amaRl
lebis) saocreba
ew
wodeba. es movl
lenna
ise mcire droSi
mox
xda,, mu
uhammed
Su
uamaval
li meqaSi rom
dabru
unda,, jer kidev
ar iyo gaTennebu
uli.
didma al
llahma
miiraj
jSi mu
uhammed
Su
uamaval
lsa da
mu
usl
limannebs xuTi
drois locva
ubrZanna.
GGGGGG
46 E 3 . n a w i l i E m u h a m m e d s S u a m a v l o b a e b o Z a E w m i n d a m u h a m m e d S u a m a v a l i
muhammed Suamavali yovelgvari gaWirvebisa da
winaaRmdegobis miuxedavad cdilobda, islamis
qadageba yvelas yuramde miewvdina,Tanac axali samSoblos Zebnas agrZelebda, romelSic muslimanebi
mSvidad da usafrTxod icxovrebdnen.
igi erT dRes medinadan Camosul erT-erT jgufs
gadaeyara da islami auxsna. isinic gamuslimandnen.
axalgamuslimanebulebi
SeuTanxmdnen,
rom
momavali hajobis dros aq Seikribebodnen.
momavali wlisaTvis am jgufs eqvsi kaci kidev
miemata da maTi ricxvi Tormetamde gaizarda, hajobis periodSi meqaSi Cavidnen da daTqmul adgilas
malulad Sexvdnen erTmaneTs. muhammed Suamavalma
gamuslimanebul am Tormet kacs piroba daadebina,
rom `ar gauCendnen allahs moziares,ar iqurdebdnen, ar imruSebdnen, sakuTar qaliSvilebs ar
mohklavdnen da cils ar daswamebdnen aravis."
SeTanxmdnen,rom erTi wlis Semdeg isev am adgilas
Sexvdebodnen erTmaneTs. muhammed Suamavalma,
islamis axsnis mizniT,medinelebs Tavisi megobrisumeiris Svili- musabi gaayola. musaabma didi jafa
gaswia da medinaSi islami gaavrcela.
momdevno wels medinel muslimanTa 75 kaciani
jgufi meqaSi Cavida. aqabed wodebul adgilas
3 . n a w i l i E m u h a m m e d s S u a m a v l o b a e b o Z a E w m i n d a m u h a m m e d S u a m a v a l i E 47
malulad Sexvdnen muhammed Suamavals da medinaSi
dapatiJes. Suamavali aqabeSi Tavis biZasTan, abbasTan erTad iyo misuli, abbasi medinelebs miubrunda da uTxra:
_ is Cemi Zmiswulia da Zalian miyvars. aq mas Cven
vicavT. vSiSob, medinaSi rom wamovides, raime cudi
ar SeemTxvas. Tu Tqven darwmunebuli xarT,rom medinaSi mtrebisgan mis dacvas SesZlebT, TqvenTan
erTad wamovides. Tu ara da meqaSi darCes.
muhammed Suamavalma biZamisis sityvas daamata:
_Tqvengan me moviTxov imas, rom ar gauxadoT
allahs moziare da erTgulad emsaxureT mas. xolo
CemTvis ki gTxovT,me da Cemi megobrebi dagvicvaT_
uTxra da yuranidan aiaTebi warmoTqva.
medinelebma piroba dades, rom sakuTari ojaxebiviT daicavdnen Suamavalsa da mis megobrebs,
yovelTvis sikeTis mxareze idgebodnen da borotebis CamdenT gaafrTxilebdnen. muhammed Suamavali
medinaSi dapatiJes. aqabeze am Sexvedris Semdeg
Suamavalma
muslimanebs
medinaSi
gadasvlahijreTi ubrZana.
n amaz
z i:
yvel
la Wkvianni da
zrdasru
uli
mu
usl
limannisaTvis,,
gannurCevl
lad
kacisa da qal
lisa,,
dReSi xuTj
jeradi
namaz
zis locva
farZia
(saval
ldebu
uloa).
sapatio miz
zez
zebis
gareSe namaz
zis ar
locva,, didi
codvaa. aseve
farZia
(saval
ldebu
uloa)
paraskevis (j
jumis)
locvac; ramaz
znisa
da yu
urbnnis
bairamebis
locvebi ki
vaj
jibia
(au
ucil
lebel
liafarZTann
miax
xloebu
ulia).
`ikiTx
xe,, rac
STagegonna Senn,
wignnisgann da
il
loce namaz
zi.
ueWvel
lad,, locva
(adamiannebs)
daicavs
unamu
usobisgann da
cu
udisgann. da
uTu
uod,, al
llahis
xsenneba yvel
laz
ze
udidesia. al
llahma
icis,, rasac
akeTebT
(sura anqebuTi,
aiaTi 45)
GGGGGG
4 . n a w i l i E m e d i n a S i g a d a s a x l e b a ( h i j r e T i ) E w m i n d a m u h a m m e d S u a m a v a l i E 49
nawili meoTxe
medinaSi gadasaxleba
(hijreTi)
mivdivarT, magram
davbrundebiT
muhammed Suamavali da misi guliTadi megobari
wminda ebubeqiri,meqasTan axlos,sevris mTaze mdebare gamoqvabulSi mividnen. wminda ali meqaSi
datoves, raTa meqelebis mier Suamavlze Cabarebuli anabrebi patronebze gadaeca. im Rames wminda
ali, kerpTayvanismcemelTa motyuebis mizniT,
muhammed Suamavlis sawolSi dawva. wminda ebubeqiris Svils, abdullahs daevala gamoqvabulSi
yofnis periodSi, rac meqaSi xdeboda, maTTvis
ecnobebina. paralelurad mecxvare amirs cxvari
sabalaxod sevris mTaze unda etarebina,Tanac wminda Suamavlisa da ebubeqirisaTvis rZe mieca, xolo
kerpTayvanismcemelTaTvis
Tvalis
asaxvevad
abdullahis kvali waeSala. ureiyitis Svili
abdullahic mesame dRis miwuruls, or aqlemTan
erTad, sevris mTis mwvervalze unda asuliyo da
mogzaurobis periodSi maTTvis megzuroba gaewia.
roca mu
uhammed
Su
uamaval
li wminnda
ebu
ubeqirTann erTad
sevris
gamoqvabu
ulSi
imal
leboda,,
mdevarTa erTma
jgu
ufma isinni
lamis ipova:
gamoqvabu
ulis
piras mividnnenn.
SignniT rom
Seex
xedaT,, maT
au
ucil
lebl
lad
dainnax
xavdnnenn,
magram al
llahma
isinni gadaarCinna.
GGGGGG
`da Tu ar
daexmarebiT mas
(Suamavals), maSin
mas allahi
daexmareba, rogorc
daxmarebia, roca
igi urwmunoebma
gaaZeves da (igi)
orTagan meore iyo,
roca gamoqvabulSi
iyvnen da megobars
Tvisas uTxra: `nu
swuxxar, ueWvelad,
allahi CvenTanaa"!
da gardmoavlina
allahma Tavisi
Sveba masze da
ganamtkica igi
jariT, romelic
Tqven ar (TvalT)
gixilavT da aqcia
urwmunoTa sityva
umdares, rameTu
sityva allahisa ki
ars umaRles!
allahi Zlieria, da
brZenia."
(sura Tevbe,
aiaTi 40)
50 E 4 . n a w i l i E m e d i n a S i g a d a s a x l e b a ( h i j r e T i ) E w m i n d a m u h a m m e d S u a m a v a l i
4 . n a w i l i E m e d i n a S i g a d a s a x l e b a ( h i j r e T i ) E w m i n d a m u h a m m e d S u a m a v a l i E 51
meore dRes gamoqvabulSi Cumad misulma wminda
ebubeqiris Svilma abdullahma meqaSi momxdaris
Sesaxeb muhammed Suamavals Semdegi auwya:
_ diliT,roca kerpTayvanismcemlebi Sens saxlSi Secvivdnen da sawolSi Sens magivrad wminda ali
naxes, Zalian gancvifrdnen. ganrisxebulebma wminda ali Sei pyres da garkveuli xniT daapatimres.
roca misgan veraferi gaiges,Seecadnen,Cemgan SeetyoT,magram CemTanac rom araferi gamouvidaT,wavidnen,amasTanave xma gaavrceles: vinc Tqven maT cocxals an mkvdars miggvris, mas asi aqlemiT
daasaCuqreben. yvela, vinc es gaigona, Tqvens saZebnelad gamoeSura.
mesame dRe iyo, rac gamoqvabulSi iyvnen. Tendeboda, roca SeTanxmebisamebr ureiyidis Svilma
abdullahma aqlemebi moiyvana da yvelani erTad
medinasaken gaudgnen gzas.
muhammed Suamavals Zalian eZneleboda meqasTan
ganSoreba, vinaidan is iyo misi samSoblo, sadac
daibada da gaizarda, sadac bavSvobisa da axalgazrdobis saukeTeso wlebi gaatara. unda daetovebina qalaqi, romelTanac misi mwuxareba,
sixaruli, imedebi da ocnebebi iyo dakavSirebuli
meore mxriv,meqaSi muslimanebis mimarT zewola
kvlav grZeldeboda. allahis brZanebebs Tavisuflad ver asrulebdnen. rac unda Zneli yofiliyo
meqadan wasvla, medina maTTvis mainc imedis axal
keras warmoadgenda. iq ufro Tavisuflad SeeZloT
islamis axsna da cxovreba, am fiqrebSi myofi,
aqlemze mjdomi medinasaken mimavali muhammed Suamavali uceb SeCerda, ukan miixeda, meqas didxans
ucqira da Tqva:
_ meqa, Sen CemTvis dedamiwaze yvelaze ulamazesi qalaqi xar. iZulebiT rom ar ganveSorebine, me
Sen nebiT arasodes dagtovebdi. mova dro da me Sen
isev dagibrundebi. Rrmad amoioxra usazRvrod
guldawyvetilma. verayas sityva gamarTlda:
muhammed Suamavali ormocdacammeti wlis asakSi
iZulebuli Seiqmna dedasamSoblodan gadaxvewiliyo.
wminnda omari
mamaci da
gabedu
uli
pirovnneba iyo. mas
Su
uamavl
lis meqadann
mal
lulad wasvl
la
saku
uTari
TavisTvis ver
ekadrebinna. iaraRi
aisx
xa,, qaabeSi
mivida da iq myof
fT
mimarTa:
`kerpTayvannismceme
lno! medinnaSi
gadavdivar. visac
Svil
lebis obl
lad,,
col
lebis qvrivad
da dedebis
Tval
lcreml
lianni
datoveba su
urs,,
movides,,
sabrZol
lvel
lad
mopirdapire mTis
ukann vel
lodebi.""
veravinn gabeda
52 E 4 . n a w i l i E m e d i n a S i g a d a s a x l e b a ( h i j r e T i ) E w m i n d a m u h a m m e d S u a m a v a l i
4 . n a w i l i E m e d i n a S i g a d a s a x l e b a ( h i j r e T i ) E w m i n d a m u h a m m e d S u a m a v a l i E 53
amiT undoda,rom guli aravisTvis daewyvta. aqlemma iara, iara da bolos Tavisufal adgilas gaCerda da iq dawva. am adgilTan yvelaze axlos ebu eiub
masTann
SesabrZol
lebl
lad
gasvl
la.
hij
jreTis dros,, roca
mu
uhammed Su
uamaval
lma,,
yu
ubasa da medinnas
Soris mdebare
rannonnas xevs miaRw
wia,,
aq mann asiode
mu
usl
limanns xuTbes
wesiT mimarTa da
paraskevis (j
jumis)
namaz
zi pirvel
lad
al
locva. aq arsebu
ul
meCeTs amJamad
`mesj
jidi juma"" hqvia.
GGGGGG
gadasax
xlebis
(hij
jreTi) periodSi
wminnda Su
uamaval
lze
maspinnZl
lobis gamw
wevi
ebu
u eiu
ubis saf
flavi
stambu
ulSi,, eiu
ub
su
ulTannis meCeTTannaa.
GGGGGG
yvela mas elodeboda
ensaris saxli iyo. ebu eiubis sixaruls sazRvari
aRar hqonda. muhammed Suamavalisa da wminda ebube-
rva dRe iyo mas Semdeg gasuli,rac muhammed Suamavali da misi Tanamgzavri wminda ebubeqiri,sevris
mTaze mdebare gamoqvabulidan wamovidnen. papanaqeba sicxeSi dRisiT isevenebdnen da RamiT gzas
agrZelebdnen. damqancveli mgzavrobis Semdeg medinadan sami kilometriT daSorebul sofel yubas
miaRwies. medinel muslimanebs,muhammed Suamavalis
meqadan
wamosvlis
ambavi
Setyobili
hqondaT.
yoveldRe medinadan moSorebiT myof SemaRlebul
ferdobebze adiodnen da gzas uTvalTvalebdnen.
meqadan wamosvlis Semdeg muhammed Suamavalis
Sesaxeb aRaraferi icodnen. amitomac Sewuxebuli
iyvnen.
erT dRes, horizontze ori silueti dalandes,
eseni muhammed Suamavali da wminda ebubeqiri iyvnen.
didi
Tu
parata, yvela
medineli
didi
sixaruliTa da aRfrTovanebiT Sexvda wminda Suamavlis mosvlas. yvela erTxmad gaiZaxoda: `keTili
iyos Tqveni mobrZaneba, Cveno wminda Suamavalo!"
medina dResaswaulis adgilad iqca.
medinelebi Suamavlis Tavis saxlSi misawvevad
erTmaneTs ejibrebodnen,`Cveno sayvarelo Suamavalo. CvenTan mobrZandiT." emudarebodnen mas. man
aqlemi Tavis nebaze miuSva da ganacxada: rom vis
ezoSic aqlemi gaCerdeba, misi stumari viqnebio.
qiris stumrobiT Zalians bednieri iyo.
mu
u hammed Su
u amavali
garkveu
u li xniT
T ebu
u eiu
u b el
ensarisT
T an darCa..
rodesac mu
u hammed Su
u amavali
medinaSi Cavida,, patara
gogonebi mas simReriT
T
Seegebnen
amobrw
wyinda vedas mT
Tidan,,
viT
T Totxmeti dRisa mT
Tvare,,
madloba RmerT
Ts,, misi mosvliT
T
ganaT
Tda Cveni mxare..
mogvitana RvT
Tis brZaneba,,
margaliti wyobili,,
gverdiT
T axlavs ebu
u beqir
uRalato Zmobili..
Su
uqi mohf
fina medinas,,
misi mosvliT
T gavlaRdiT
T,
vegebebiT
T Su
uamavals
da SevZaxiT
T, mobrZandiT
T!
Sen xar mze da Sen xar mT
Tvare,,
qveynis manaT
Tobelo,,
mobrZandi,, RvT
Tis sayvarelo
rju
ulis ganmmartebelo..
mogvaSora Zvelmanebi
da Segvmosa axlebiT
T,
su
uli Cveni gagvinaT
Tla,,
rw
wmenis WeSmaritebiT
T.
uqadaga mcdar morw
wmu
uneT
T,
mivyveT
T patrons sikeT
Tis
yvela,, vinc mihyva mu
uhammeds
hpovebs baRebs samoT
Txis..
gagvimarta RvT
Tis brZaneba
da Cvenc gu
uliT
T vendobiT
T,
sityvas mu
udam vu
upatronebT
T,
gveZmo,, Cvenac veZmobiT
T.
mxars mogcemT
T mu
udam RmerT
Tmani,,
ar gvCvevia Ralati..
Sen rom sando varskvlavi xar,,
eWvic ar gvaqvs amaSi
amobrw
wyinda vedas mT
Tidan,,
viT
T Totxmeti dRisa mT
Tvare,,
madloba RmerT
Ts,, misi mosvliT
T
ganaT
Tda Cveni mxare
GGGGGG
5. nawili E medina axali civilizaciis qalaqi E wminda muhammed Suamavali E 5 5
nawili mexuTe
medina: axali
civilizaciis qalaqi
axali civilizacia
yalibdeba
medinas adre iesribi erqva. wminda Suamavlis aq
gadasvlamdec aqauroba mniSvnelovani savaWro da
mWidrod dasaxlebuli adgili iyo. ebraeli da
arabi tomebi erTad cxovrobdnen. xalxSi mravalnairi rwmena iyo gavrcelebuli. saTvistomoebs
Soris erToba ar sufevda. sxvadasxva mizezebis
gamo erTimeoris mimarT mtrulad iyvnen ganwyobili.
meCeTi
pirveli,risTvisac muhammed Suamavalma medinaSi
izruna, meCeTis ageba iyo.
maSin meCeTi meslimanebis cxovrebaSi mxolod
ERvTismsaxurebis adgili rodi iyo. amave dros es
iyo muslimanTa TavSeyrisa da saWiroebis
SemTxvevaSi upatrono da gaWirvebulTa TavSesafari, wminda adgili da amavdroulad saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebac. muslimanebi yoveldRiur
cxovrebaSi wamoWrili problemebis Sesaxeb aq
msjelobdnen da gadawyvetilebebsac aq iRebdnen.
roca mu
uhammed
Su
uamaval
li medinnaSi
Cavida,, im
Tavisu
ufal
l
adgil
las,, sadac
misi aql
lemi daw
wva,,
meCeTi aagebinna. am
meCeTs Su
uamavl
lis
meCeTi hqvia.
GGGGGG
5 6 E 5. nawili E medina axali civilizaciis qalaqi E wminda muhammed Suamavali
ezani
allahu
u eqber
allahu
u eqber
allahu
u eqber
allahu
u eqber
eShedu
u en laa ilaahe
illallah
eShedu
u en laa ilaahe
illallah
eShedu
u enne mu
uhammeden
rasu
ulu
ullah
eShedu
u enne mu
uhammeden
rasu
ulu
ullah
haia ales salaah
haia ales salaah
haia alel felaah
haia alel felaah
allahu
u eqber
allahu
u eqber
laa ilaahe illallaah
moxmobis ( eznis)
mniSvneloba:
allahi udidesia..
mow
wme var,, rom allahis
garda sxva RmerT
Ti ar
arsebobs..
mow
wme var,, rom mu
uhammedi
misi msaxu
uri da misive
Su
uamavalia..
wamodiT
T locvaze..
wamodiT
T gadarCenasa da
bednierebaze..
allahi udidesia
ar arsebobs RmerT
Ti
garda allahisa..
marxva:
marxva,, hijreT
Tidan
(medinaSi
gadasaxlebidan)
weliw
wadnaxevris Semdeg
am aiaT
TiT
T iqna
nabrZanebi:
`hei,, morw
wmu
uneno! Tqven
dagevaldebu
ulaT
T marxva,,
rogorc
daevaldebu
ulaT
T Tqvens
winamorbedT
T. imedia,,
Tqven RvT
TismoSiSni
iqnebiT
T."
(sura furi- bayara.
aiaTi 183)
ezani
muslimanTa ricxvi dRiTidRe izrdeboda,
meCeTSi teva aRar iyo da moTxovnebs veRar akmayofilebda. locvis drois mosvlisa da adamianebze
salocavad moxmobisaTvis,raRac saerTo niSani iyo
saWiro. qristianebi locvaze mosaxmobad zars
iyenebdnen,iudavelebi ki sayvirs. muslimanebma arc
cecxlis aRmarTvac ar miiCnies mizanSewonilad.
problema zeidis Svilis, abdullahis da sxva
zogierTebis naxuli sizmrebis wyalobiT mogvarda: sizmarSi abdullahma eznis sityvebi iswavla.
aseTi sizmrebi sxvebmac naxes. yvelam nanaxi sizmari muhammed Suamavals mouyva. manac es sizmrebi
irwmuna. igive sityvebi "muhammed Suamavalsac (vahis
meSveobiT) gadmoeca. amis gamo muhammed Suamavalma
isurva, rom ezani wminda bilalisTvis eswavlebinaT da mas ekiTxa, radganac wminda bilals omaxiani da kargi xma hqonda.
ezans wminda bilali kiTxulobda da Tavisi
xaverdovani xmiT muslimanebs salocavad uxmobda.
dasaxlebis adgili
muhammed Suamavalma medinaSi gadasulTaTvis
dasaxlebis gegma SeimuSava. medinelma muslimanebma xelT arsebuli zedmeti miwebi meqadan gadmosaxlebul muslimanebze gadasacemad gaiRes.
muhammed Suamavalmac Semowirul miwebze meqelebi
daasaxla.
Zmoba
muhammed Suamavals sjeroda, rom saWiro iyo
yvela muslimanis erTimeoresTan daaxloeba.
mxolod aseTnairad SesZlebdnen siZneleebis
5. nawili E medina axali civilizaciis qalaqi E wminda muhammed Suamavali E 5 7
gadalaxvas. meqadan gadmosaxlebulT muhajiri
ewodaT, medinaSi maT damxvdur, damxmare da Semfarebel muslimanebs ki ensari. muhajirebi medinaSi emigraciaSi imyofebodnen. yvelaferi meqaSi
hqondaT datovebuli. zogs col-Svili, zogsac
qoneba daetovebina. muhammed Suamavalma muhajirebi da ensarebi Zmebad gamoacxada. yvelam Zmad airCia vinme. roca daZmobildnen, muhajirebma gaWirvebas Tavi daaRwies, ensarebi ki, Znel situaciaSi
myofTa mimarT daxmarebiT bednieri iyvnen.
amgvarad, muhammed Suamavalma uzrunvelyo muslimanebis urTierTdakavSireba da Sida Tu gareSe
mtrebis winaaRmdeg maTi yovelmxriv Zlier sazogadoebad Camoyalibeba.
erTad cxovreba
meqeli
kerpTayvanismcemlebi
medinaze
TavdasxmisaTvis xelsayrel momets elodebodnen.
muslimanebma SigniT gaerTianebis Semdeg, gare
mtrebis winaaRmdeg erT muStad Sekvris aucilebloba igrZnes.
medinas mosaxleoba daaxloebiT aTiaTass Seadgenda. mosaxleobis erTi nawili ebraeli iyo.
ebraelebi did Zalas warmoadgendnen. amasTan
erTad medinaSi aramuslimani arabebic cxovrobdnen. muhammed Suamavalma am jgufebTan molaparakeba awarmoa da uTxra, rom medinaSi erTad mSvidobianad ecxovraT. urTierTmolaparakebis Semdeg,
urTierTSoris SeTanxmebas moaweres xeli.
am SeTanxmebidan gamomdinare muslimanebs da
ebraelebs erTnairi uflebebi eZleodaT. Tu ki
romelime ebraels vinme zians miayenebda, mas muslimanebi da ebraelebi erToblivad daexmarebodnen. igive piroba vrceldeboda muslimanebzec.
SeTanxmebis mixedviT,gareSe mterTa Tavdasxmisagan
qalaqi erToblivad unda daecvaT. Tu ki azrTa
mu
uhaj
jirTagann
abdu
urrahmanni
mogviTx
xrobs:
`roca medinnaSi
gadavdiodiT,,
mu
uhammed
Su
uamaval
lma Cemsa
da sads Soris
Zmoba daamyara.
sadma miTx
xra:
_ me qonnebiT
mdidari var.
qonnebis nax
xevars
Senn giTmob.
_al
llahma Senni
qonneba xeirianni
hqmnnas. me es ar
mWirdeba,, sadaa is
baz
zari,, romel
lSic
Tqvenn vaWrobT?
sakmarisia xval
l iq
wamiyvanno,,- vu
upasu
uxe
me.""
sadma abdu
urrahmanni
dil
liT yainnuyas
baz
zrobaz
ze waiyvanna.
abdu
urrahmannma
vaWroba daiw
wyo da
mokl
le xannSi
medinnas erT-eerTi
mow
winnave
mdidarTaganni
gax
xda.
GGGGGG
5 8 E 5. nawili E medina axali civilizaciis qalaqi E wminda muhammed Suamavali
hadisi:
wminnda Su
uamavl
lis
sityvebs da
moqmedebebs hadisi
hqvia,, rac
mu
usl
limannebisaTvis
yu
urannis Semdeg meore
wyaroa.
rCeu
uli hadisebi
(riaz
zus sal
lihinn,
dianneTis saqmeTa
sammarTvel
los
gamomceml
loba)
_ isl
lami xuT
ZiriTad saf
fuZvel
ls
ef
fuZvnneba. esennia:
mow
wmeoba,, rom ar
arsebobs RmerTi,,
garda al
llahisa da
mu
uhammedi misi
msax
xuri da misive
Su
uamaval
lia,, namaz
zis
locva,, zeqaTis
gadax
xda,, ramaz
znis
TveSi marx
xva da
SesaZl
lebl
lobis
mqonneTa mier qaabes
movl
la-mmonnax
xuleba.
adamiannebSi yvel
laz
ze
xeirianni isaa,, vinnc
adamiannebs
gamoadgeba.
samoTx
xe dedebis
fex
xTa qveSaa.
gau
uadvil
leT,, nu
gau
uZnnel
lebT.
umax
xarobl
leT,, nu
SeaZu
ulebT.
sisu
ufTave rw
wmennis
nax
xevaria.
visac patarebi ar
uyvars da ufrosebs
pativs ar scems,,
sxvaoba wamoiWreboda, problema muhammed Suamavals unda moegvarebina.
muhammed Suamavali,am SeTanxmebis mixedviT,raime
saxis uTanxmoebebis dros mosamarTled iqna aRiarebuli. agreTve,am SeTanxmebidan gamomdinare,yvelas SeeZlo Tavisi sarwmunoebis mixedviT Tavisuflad cxovreba.
SeTanxmebam wertili dausva medinaSi arsebul
Sida qiSps. sabolood,am SeTanxmebiT muhammed Suamavalma da muslimanebma moiges.
5. nawili E medina axali civilizaciis qalaqi E wminda muhammed Suamavali E 5 9
yvela moswavle gaxda
rodesac `Suamavlis meCeTi" Sendeboda,muhammed
Suamavlis surviliT, gverdiT sawoli, Ramis saTevi ganyofileba daemata. am ganyofilebas `suffa"
ewoda. es erTdagvari skola, xolo muhammed Suamavali am skolis maswavlebeli iyo. yurans misgan
swavlobdnen da sakuTar Tavs yvela sakiTxSi wvrTnidnen. erTis mxriv swavlobdnen, meores mxriv ki
sxvebze saswavleblad emzadebodnen. muhammed Suamavalma mxolod am skoliT ar ikmara da swavlaganaTlebis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT medinaSi
mobilizacia gamoacxada. qalma Tu kacma,didma Tu
pataram yvelam am mobilizaciaSi miiRo monawileoba.
ramaznis Tve
ramaznis Tve muslimanebisaTvis RvTismsaxurebis Tvea. am Tvis marxviT gatareba uzenaesi
allahis brZanebaa.
marxva muslimanebs hijreTidan weliwadnaxevris Semdeg am aiaTiT ebrZanaT: `hei, morwmuneno!
Tqven dagevaldebulaT marxva, rogorc daevaldebulaT Tqvens winamorbedT imedia, Tqven RvTis
moSiSni iqnebiT. (sura bayara. aiaTi 183)
muhammed Suamavali am Tves gansakuTrebul
mniSvnelobas aniWebda. am TveSi dRisiT marxulobda. Rames ki RvTismsaxurebaSi atarebda. upatronoebs exmareboda, gaWirvebulebs acvamda da
maT ifTris sufraze (ramaznis dReebSi vaxSmoba)
iwvevda.
yuranis pirveli aiaTebi am TveSi, yadiris Rames
gardmoevlina. am Tves muslimanebi RvTismsaxurebaSi, Teravihis locvaSi, allahze vedrebaSi, yuranis kiTxvaSi da urTierTdaxmarebaSi atareben.
mdidari muslimanebi TavianTi qonebidan da
Cvennganni araa.
mu
usl
limanni mu
usl
limannis
Zmaa. mas borotebas
ar gau
ukeTebs,, mas
mters ar Caabarebs.
vinnc mu
usl
limanni Zmis
erT saWiroebas
uzru
unvel
lyof
fs,,
al
llahic mis erT
saWiroebas
uzru
unvel
lyof
fs;
vinnc mu
usl
limanns erT
gaWirvebas gadaarCenns,,
al
llahic mas
gannkiTx
xvis dRes erTi
gaWirvebisgann ix
xsnnis.
vinnc erTi mu
usl
limannis
nakl
ls daf
faravs,,
al
llahic gannkiTx
xvis
dRes mis nakl
ls
daf
farvas.
Tqvenngann yvel
laz
ze
xeirianni,, yvel
laz
ze
spetaki zneobis
mqonnea.
simarTl
les ar
gadau
uxvioT,, radgann
simarTl
le sikeTisakenn,
sikeTe ki samoTx
xeSi
wagiyvannT. erideT
tyu
uil
ls,, radgann
tyu
uil
li sigl
lax
xisakenn,
sigl
lax
xe ki
joj
jox
xeTSi wagiyvannT.
Tqvenngann yvel
laz
ze
xeirianni isaa,, vinnc
yu
uranns isw
wavl
lis da
sx
xvebs asw
wavl
lis.
CvennTaganni araa is,,
vinnc maZRari
daiZinnebs maSinn, roca
mez
zobel
li mSieria.
GGGGGG
6 0 E 5. nawili E medina axali civilizaciis qalaqi E wminda muhammed Suamavali
RmerTo Cvenno,,
mogveci am
qveyannaz
zec da
saiqioSic sikeTe
da gadagvarCinne
joj
jox
xeTis wamebas
(sura bayara aiaTi
201)
GGGGGG
`x
xol
lo maTgann
zognni ambobenn:
RmerTo,, Cvenno!
amqveynnad sikeTe da
saiqioSic sikeTe
gviboZe da
cecx
xlis
saw
wamebl
lisagann
dagvif
fare.""
(su
ura ibrahimi,,
aiaTi 41).
GGGGGG
fulidan garkveul nawils gaWirvebulebs zeqaTad
aZleven. zeqaTi, islamis xuT ZiriTad pirobaTagan
erT-erTia da hijreTidan ori wlis Semdeg iqna
nabrZanebi, rac yuranSic ZiriTadad locvasTan
erTad moixsenieba.
`iloceT
namazi, gadaixadeT
zeqaTi
da
moidrikeT qedi allahis winaSe"
(sura feri- bayara, aiaaTi 43)
mtroba grZeldeba
meqaSi muslimanebis gatarebuli wlebi moTminebis wlebi iyo. isini urwmunoTagan gamudmebiT
zewolas ganicdidnen,iZulebuli iyvnen moeTminaT
maTze miyenebuli tanjva. muhammed Suamavalma maT
moTminebisaken mouwoda da kerpTayvanismcemelTa
am saqcielisadmi samagieros brZoliT gadaxda
aukrZala. kerpTayvanismcemlebma ki muslimanebs
meqaSi cxovreba yovelmxriv SeuzRudes da gausaZlis gaWirvebaSi Caagdes.
Tumca medinaSi myof muslimanebs,usafrTxoebis
zomebi mieRoT, sakuTari teritoria daecavaT da
5. nawili E medina axali civilizaciis qalaqi E wminda muhammed Suamavali E 6 1
mezoblebTanac mSvidobianad cxovrobdnen.
muhammed
Suamavali islams sikeTiT xsnida,
araviTar SemTxvevaSi cbierebasa da Zalmomreobas
ar mimarTavda da omi ar moswonda. adamianebs mouxmobda,rom mieRoT ganaTleba da ekiTxaT yurani. mas
surda, rom TavianTi Tavisufali gadawyvetilebiT
aerCiaT sasurveli sarwmunoeba.
meqeli kerpTayvanismcemlebi aseT mdgomareobas
ver eguebodnen da malulad emzadebodnen muslimanTa winaaRmdeg sabrZolvelad. muhammed Suamavals, am safrTxis Tavidan acilebis mizniT,
meqelTa savaWro gzebis xelSi Cagdeba surda. urwmunoebi qaravnebiT iaraRsac ezidebodnen,muhammed
Suamavalma icoda, rom es maT winaaRmdeg unda
gamoeyenebinaT.
gardatexis wertili: bediri
mosalodneli iyo meqelebTan brZolis dawyeba.
amis gamo muhammed Suamavali did gancdaSi iyo.
muhammed Suamavali,romelmac mzadeba daasrula
da samgzavrod gamoemarTa, samas xuT amxanagTan
erTad bedirSi mivida. kerpTayvanismcemlebsac
aTaskaciani jari moemzadebinaT da am adgilisaken
moemarTebodnen.
am dros muhammed Suamavals huzeife miuaxlovda, acnoba, rom is muslimanebis jarze SesaerTeblad mamasTan erTad gamomgzavrebuliyo, gzaze
kerpTayvanismcemlebs daekavebinaT da muslimanTa
jarTan SeuerTeblobaze pirobis dadebis Semdeg
gaeTavisuflebinaT.
muhammed Suamavals jari esaWiroeboda, magram
maT dadebuli pirobis Sesruleba da brZolaSi
monawileobis miuReblad medinaSi dabruneba
urCia.
rodesac Suamavalma Soridan kerpTayvanismcemelTa mravaricxovani jari dainaxa, allahs
`u
ueWvel
lad,,
TqvennTvis iyo
sasw
wau
uli,, pirispir
gamosu
ul or
jgu
ufSi: erTi
jgu
ufi ibrZoda
al
llahis gz
zaz
ze,,
xol
lo meoreebsurw
wmu
unoebs,,
TaviannTi
Tval
lsaz
zrisiT,,
isinni eCvennebodaT
TaviannTz
ze orj
jer
metad. al
llahi
Tavis dax
xmarebiT
gannamtkicebs imas,,
vinnc mas su
urs.
ueWvel
lad,, amSia
samagal
liTo
gakveTil
li
Tval
lTamx
xedvel
lTaT
vis.""
(sura ali-imrani,
aiaTi 13)
GGGGGG
6 2 E 5. nawili E medina axali civilizaciis qalaqi E wminda muhammed Suamavali
bediris brZol
laSi,,
xel
lSi Cagdebu
ul
tyveebz
ze mu
uhammed
Su
uamaval
ls aseTi
az
zri hqonnda. werakiTx
xvis mcodnneebi,,
Tu
u ki aT bavSvs
wera-kkiTx
xvas
Seasw
wavl
lidnnenn,
tyveobisagann
gaTavisu
ufldebodnn
enn... amrigad,, Tann
tyveebi
gannTavisu
ufldebod
nenn, Tannac bavSvebi
wera-kkiTx
xvas
Seisw
wavl
lidnnenn.
GGGGGG
bediris
gamarj
jvebiT
mu
usl
limannTa xma
mTel
l arabeTs
misw
wvda. ukve
isl
lamis
gavrcel
lebis dro
damdgari iyo.
GGGGGG
aseTnairad Seevedra: `Cemo allaho, ai, yuraiSelebi! isini TavmowonebiTa da saimayiT modian,Sens
winaaRmdeg gamodian,crud Tvlian Sens Suamavals.
Cemo allaho,Cven dagvexmare! Tuki am erTi muWa muslimaebis ganadgurebaze Tanaxma iqnebi, Senze
RvTismsaxurebis gamkeTebeli aRaravin darCeba."
bedirSi muhammed Suamavalma islamis jari sabrZolvelad ganalaga. adgili, sadac isini iyvnen
dabanakebuli, qviSiani iyo, amis gamo Suamavlis
mimdevarTagan hubabma muhhammed Suamavals SeekiTxa:
_ es adgili allahis brZanebis Sesabamisad
SearCieT Tu Tqveni gadawyvetilebiT?
_ Cemi gadawyvetilebiT._ uTxra muhammed Suamavalma
_ aqauroba brZolisaTvis xelsayreli araa. neba
mogveci,bediris WebTan axlos davbanakdeT. garSemomyofi yvela Wa amovavsoT,urCia hubabma. es rCeva
miRebuli iqna da jari maSinve gankarga iq, sadac
Webi iyo.
am dros muhammed Suamavalma ensarebi da muhajirebi Sekriba, undoda gaego Tu ras fiqrobdnen
brZolis Taobaze. ormxrivi saubris Semdeg yvelam
ganacxada, rom muhammed Suamavlis gverdSi iyvnen.
wminda Suamavals, miuxedavad imisa, rom yvela
samzadisi dasrulebuli hqonda, mainc ar undoda
brZola dawyebuliyo. mters wminda omari gaugzavna da sisxlis Rvraze xelis aReba urCia. kerpTayvanismcemlebi fiqrobdnen, rom muslimanebi sakmaris Zalas ar flobdnen da maT gasanadgureblad
es yvelaze kargi momenti iyo. am mizniT Tqves, rom
araviTar SemTxvevaSi brZolaze xels ar aiRebdnen.
brZola daiwyo da oTx-xuT saaTs gagrZelda.
kerpTayvanismcemelTa jarma sruli marcxi ganicada. muslimanTagan ToTxmeti kaci, kerpTayvanismcemelTagan ebu jehilis CaTvliT samocdaaTi kaci
daiRupa. didma allahma wminda Suamavlis vedreba
5. nawili E medina axali civilizaciis qalaqi E wminda muhammed Suamavali E 6 3
miiRo, daxmareba miuvlina.
mware gamocdileba: uhudi
erTi weli gavida. meqel kerpTayvanismcemelTa
medinaze TavdasxmisTvis mzadebis ambavi movida.
muslimanebi am sakiTxis gansaxilvelad Seikribnen.
Sekrebaze muhammed Suamavlis biZam wminda hamzam
sityva iTxova da survili gamoTqva, rom brZola
medinas gareT gaemarTaT. zogierTma axalgazrdamac wminda hamzas dauWira mxari. muhammed Suamavalma aRniSna,rom es TavdacviTi xasiaTis brZola iqneboda. roca kenWisyris Sedegad umravlesobam velze brZolas dauWira mxari, muhammed Suamavalic daTanxmda. gadawyda, mters medinas gareT
daxvedrodnen.
amasobaSi movida cnoba, rom meqelebis kargad
SeiaraRebuli sami aTaskaciani jari medinas
sagrZnoblad moaxloeboda. isini bediris damarcxebis gamo SurisZiebis mizniT modiodnen.
muhammed Suamavali TanamebrZolebTan erTad
jumis locvis Semdeg daiZra da meore dRes,dilis
locvis dros,uhudis mTasTan SeCerda. muslimanTa
laSqari aTasi kacisagan Sedgeboda, magram samasma
kacma brZolaSi monawileoba gadaifiqra da gzidan
dabrunda. eseni garegnulad iyvnen muslimanebi,
sinamdvileSi ar swamdaT. maTi mizani muslimanebis
SiSsa da uimedobaSi Cagdeba iyo. aseT adamianebs
munafiyi anu orpiri hqvia.
TariRi 625 wels uCvenebda. medinasTan axlos
mdebare, uhudad wodebul adgilas, ori jari
erTimeores daupirispirda. kerpTayvanismcemelTa
medinaze miaxloebis mizani, muslimanebis damarcxebis Semdeg qalaqis gaZarcva iyo. muhammed Suamavals ki yovelgvari zomebi miRebuli da yvelaze
patara detalic gaTvlili hqonda. yvelaze
saukeTeso ormocdaaTi mSvildosani SearCia da
marcxniv mdebare gorakze ganalaga. meTaurad
uhu
udis brZol
lis
winn
kerpTayvannismcemel
l
Ta jaris meTau
urma
ebu
u su
ufiannma
ennsarT aseTi
winnadadeba
SesTavz
za:
_ medinnel
lebo!
TqvennTann saqme ara
gvaqvs,, am saqmeSi
Tqvenn nu CaereviT.
ennsarebma es
SemoTavaz
zeba
mkacri sityvebiT
uaryves.
GGGGGG
roca mu
uhammed
Su
uamaval
li uhu
udis
brZol
laSi daiWra,,
TannamebrZol
lebma
mas
kerpTayvannismcemel
l
Ta daw
wyevl
la
sTx
xoves. mu
uhammed
Su
uamaval
lma:
_ me dedamiw
waz
ze
vinnmes dasaw
wyevl
lad
ara var
movl
lennil
li. me
adamiannebis sw
wor
gz
zaz
ze
dapatiJebisaTvis,,
mow
wyal
lebis el
lCad
var gamogz
zavnnil
liTqva da Seevedra:
al
llahma maT
`sw
wori gz
za aCvennos,,
maT WeSmariteba ar
iciann~.
GGGGGG
6 4 E 5. nawili E medina axali civilizaciis qalaqi E wminda muhammed Suamavali
jubeiris Svili abdullahi dauniSna da ase uTxra
maT:
_ Tqven isrebiT kerpTayvanismcemelTa cxenosani
razmisagan dagvicaviT. maT Cvenze zurgidan
movlisa da Tavdasxmis saSualeba ar misceT. brZola gind movigoT,gind wavagoT,Tqven adgilidan ar
gainZreT, rom xedavdeT gvxocaven, mainc ar
moxvideT dasaxmareblad. brZola daiwyo. ramdenime saaTSi kerpTayvanismcemlebma mwvave marcxi ganicades. magram cota xnis Semdeg,viTareba Seicvala.
muslimanebi urwmunoTa alyaSi aRmoCdnen, radgan
Suamavlis mier gorakze ganlagebulma mSvildosnebma goraki miatoves,egonaT,brZola damTavrda da
aRaraferi moxdeboda.
muhammed Suamavalze mSvildosanTa daujerebloba Zalian Zviri daujdaT muslimanebs, samocdaaTamde mebrZoli daeRupaT, maT Soris wminda
hamzac. Suamavals tuCi gauskda da kbili Caemtvra.
muslimanebma uhudis mTas Seafares Tavi da gadarCnen. kerpTayvanismcemlebma CaTvales, rom bediris
Suri iZies da medinaSi Seusvlelad ukan gabrundnen.
roca muslimanebi TavSesafridan brZolis
velze dabrundnen, naxes, rom daRupuli yvela muslimani nawamebi iyo, maTi sxeulebi daequcmacebinaT. daRupulebi brZolis velze daasaflaves da
damwuxrebuli dabrundnen medinaSi.
5. nawili E medina axali civilizaciis qalaqi E wminda muhammed Suamavali E 6 5
yvela gza icdeba: teraqtebi
medinaSi quCebi uhudis mwuxarebiT iyo SeZruli.
muslimanebma uhudSi Rrma Wriloba miiRes, magram
Suamavali maTTan iyo. ukve kargad hqondaT gacnobierebuli, Tu raoden didi mniSneloba hqonda
muhammed Suamavalze dajerebas. cxovreba grZeldeboda.
am dros medinaSi erTi kaci movida da muhammed
Suamavals Tavis saTvistomoSi islamis asaxsnelad maswavleblebis gagzavna Txova. muhammed
Suamavalma warsagzavn maswavlebelTa usafrTxoebis garantia moiTxova. rodesac piroba miiRo,
muhammed Suamavalma `suffes~ skolidan kargad ganswavluli samocdaaTi Tanamoazre gagzavna.
es samocdaaTi adamiani biri maunad wodebul
adgilas Casafrebul mowinaaRmdegeTa mier ise
ganadgurda,Tavdacvis mizniT,xelis ganZrevac ver
moaswro.
* **
msgavsi teraqti muslimanebze rejad wodebul
adgilasac ganxorcielda, aq rva adamiani daiRupa.
hubeibi da zeidi tyved Cavardnen. tyved amyvanebma
isini meqel kerpTayvanismcemlebs mihyides. urwmunoebma hubeibi mokles, xolo zeids ki sikvdiliT
dasjis win hkiTxes:
_ isurvebdi Tu ara, axla Sens adgilas muhammedi rom yofiliyo?
man upasuxa:
_vficav,rom misi aq yofna ki ara,mis fexSi eklis
wasobasac ki ver avitan.
Tx
x ril
l is gaTx
x ra
jabiri mogviTx
xrobs:
Tx
xril
lis gaTx
xrisas
erTx
xel
l lodi
Segvx
xvda. amis
Sesax
xeb mu
uhammed
Su
uamaval
ls vacnnobeT.
mu
uhammed Su
uamaval
lma
xel
lSi Zal
layinni aiRo
da sanngarSi Cavida.
sami dRe iyo gasu
uli,,
arc mu
uhammed
Su
uamaval
lsa da arc
Cvenn raime ar gveWama.
magram mann lods ise
daartyva Zal
layinni,,
rom kl
lde sil
lasaviT
daif
fSvnna.""
GGGGGG
6 6 E 5. nawili E medina axali civilizaciis qalaqi E wminda muhammed Suamavali
5. nawili E medina axali civilizaciis qalaqi E wminda muhammed Suamavali E 6 7
aseTi didi erTgulebis mnaxvelma kerpTayvanismcemlebma aRfrTovanebisagan maTdauneburad
Cailaparakes:
_ ra Zlier uyvarT muhammedi mis megobrebs! aseTi
siyvarulis mnaxvelni ara varTo.
es, aRar icodnen ra gaekeTebinaT,radgan aseTi rame
manamde ar enaxaT.
omi daiwyo. zogjer mZafrdeboda, zogjerac
neldeboda. brZolaSi ocda Svidi dRe gavida. kerpTayvanismcemlebma xelSi veraferi Caigdes, raime
Sedegs ver miaRwies da xelcarieli ukan gabrundnen. brZola muslimanTa gamarjvebiT dasrulda.
Zneli gamocda: hendeki
uhudis brZolis Semdeg ori weli iyo gasuli,
roca medinaSi cnoba movida kerpTayvanismcemelTa
aTiaTasiani jaris maTken daZvris Sesaxeb. meqeli
kerpTayvanismcemlebi
kvlav
ar
isvenebdnen.
muhammed Suamavalma maSinve Sekriba amxanagebi
meCeTSi. imsjeles, Tu ra SeiZleboda gaekeTebinaT
moaxloebuli saSiSroebis Tavidan acilebisaTvis.
_ roca iranSi raime Semoseva iqneba mosalodneli, qalaqis garSemo Txrils vakeTebT. aqac ase
moviqceT,_ Tqva warmoSobiT iranelma selimanma. es
azri umravlesobam moiwona.
medinas garSemo Txrili araugvianes erT kviraSi unda gakeTebuliyo. yovel dRe mzis
amosvlamde gadiodnen da saRamomde SeuCereblad
muSaobdnen. muhammed Suamavalic megobrebTan
erTad muSaobda da amxnevebda maT.
erTi kviris ganmavlobaSi Txrilis sigrZem xuTnaxevar kilometrs miaRwia. sigane iseTi iyo, cxeni
ver gadaxteboda, siRrme ki_ cxeni rom Cavardniliyo, ver amovidoda. muhammed Suamavalma samiaTasi kaci qalaqis sxvadasxva adgilas ganalaga.
jari sabrZolo mwyobrSi Caayena. amasobaSi kerpTayvanismcemlebic movidnen. medinaSi mcxovrebi
ebraelebi da aramuslimani arabebic Tan wamoeyvanaT. kerpTayvanismcemlebma,roca Txrili dainax-
henndekis brZol
lis
Sesax
xeb yu
urannSi
asea moTx
xrobil
li:
`hei,, morw
wmu
unenno!
gaix
xsenneT
Tqvenndami al
llahis
sikeTeebi,, roca
movida TqvennTann
jarebi. maSinn
gamovgz
zavnneT Cvenn
maTz
ze (im jarebz
ze)
qarebi,, roml
lebic
Tqvenn ver dainnax
xeT.
al
llahi mx
xedvel
lia
imisa,, rasac
sCadix
xarT. roca
movidnnenn TqvennTann
Tqvenns qvemodann da
Tqvenns zemodann da
roca SeSinnda
Tval
lni da
(SiSisagann) yel
ls
miadga gu
ulni da
Tqvenn al
llahis
mimarT sx
xvadasx
xva
eWvebi gamoTqviT.
ai,, iq gamocdil
l
iqmnnenn morw
wmu
unenni
da SeiZvrnnenn
Zl
lieri ZvriT.
(sura ahzabi, aiaTi
9, 10, 11)
GGGGGG
6. nawiliEsaxlSi dabrunebaEwminda muhammed Suamavali E 69
nawili meeqvse
saxlSi dabruneba
hudeibies SeTanxmeba
muhammed Suamavali im dRes gaxarebuli iyo.
megobrebs am sixarulis mizezi auxsna: `xval meqasa
da qaabes mosanaxuleblad mivdivarT,"_ axara maT.
es ambavi muhajirebisaTvis Zalze mniSvnelovani
iyo. radganac eqvsi weli iyo gasuli mas Semdeg,rac
meqidan
wamovidnen
da
mudam
nostalgiiT
cxovrobdnen. meqas quCebSi unda eseirnaT, im adgilebSi,sadac bavSvoba da axalgazrdoba gaatares,
monatreba unda gaeqarvebinaT.
muhhammed Suamavali aTas xuTas megobarTan
erTad meqasaken gaemgzavra. gzaze dedis saflavTan
Caiara da moinaxula.
meqas axlos,hudeibieSi mividnen,karvebi gaSales,
muhammed Suamavalma meqelebs elCad wminda osmani
gaugzavna. undoda ecnobebina, rom sabrZolvelad
ar iyvnen mosuli, Tu nebas darTavdnen, qaabes
moinaxulebdnen da isev ukan gabrundebodnen. wminda osmani mosalaparakeblad wavida,magram mosvla
vf
ficavT,, rom
kmayof
fil
l iqmnna
al
llahi
morw
wmu
uneTagann,
roca isinni
gef
ficebodnnenn Senn
xis qveS,, (al
llahma)
icoda maTi gu
ulis
zrax
xvebi da
gardmou
uvl
linna maT
simSvide da isinni
uax
xloesi
gamarj
jvebiT
daaj
jil
ldova. da
daaj
jil
ldova
nadavl
liT,,
romel
lsac
(momaval
lSi)
aiRebdnnenn, al
llahi
udidesia,, brZennia.
(su
ura feTihi,,
aiaaTi 18,, 19)
GGGGGG
70E6. nawiliEsaxlSi dabrunebaEwminda muhammed Suamavali
6. nawiliEsaxlSi dabrunebaEwminda muhammed Suamavali E 71
daagvianda. misi sikvdilis Sesaxeb xalxSi xma
gavrcelda...
sabrZolvelad ar iyvnen mosuli,magram brZolis
albaToba gamoikveTa. muhammed Suamavalma megobrebi Sekriba. maT muhammed Suamavals Sehfices,rom
ukanasknel amosunTqvamde ibrZolebdnen.
ambavi movida, rom wminda osmani cocxali iyo.
cota xanSi meqel kerpTayvanismcemelTa warmomadgenlebTan erTad osmanic dabrunda.
meqelma warmomadgenlebma amcnes, rom muslimanebs meqaSi Sesvlis nebas ar miscemdnen da
SeTanxmeba SesTavazes. molaparakebebis Semdeg
Suamavalma Tanxmoba ganacxada da momxreebTan
erTad SeTanxmebas xeli moawera. muslimanebi
damwuxrebuli iyvnen,miuxedavad imisa,rom meqas ase
miuaxlovdnen, iq Sesvla ver moexerxebinaT.
SeTanxmebis mixedviT, muslimanebi erTi wlis
ganmavlobaSi meqaSi ver Sevidodnen, magram erTi
wlis Semdeg qaabes monaxulebis SesaZlebloba
eqnebodaT. muslimanebi Zalian daaRona SeTanxmebis erTma muxlma,romelic mdgomareobda SemdegSi:
"Tu yuraiSelTagan vinme gamuslimandeba da medinas Seafarebs Tavs,ar unda miiRon,amis sanacvlod
ki meqaSi Sefarebuli arcerTi muslimani ukan ar
gaicema." irgvliv samariseburma siCumem daisadgura."
am dros maT kisersa da fexebze borkildadebuli, ilajgawyvetili vinme miuaxlovda. sisxlsa
da oflSi iyo amosvrili. es ebu jendeli iyo,
suheilis Svili. suheilma Tavis Svils, gamuslimanebis gamo, borkili daado da dilegSi daamwyvdia, Tumca tusaRma gaqceva moaxerxa. mama Svils
miuaxlovda, yelze moxveul jaWvSi staca xeli da
saxeSi Zlieri sila gaawna. Semdeg muhhammed Suamavals miubrunda:
_SeTanxmebas Cemi Svilis mosvlamde moewera
xeli,_ Tqva man. muhammed Suamavali uxmod daemowma. suheilma ganagrZo:
_ maS ukanve gadmomeci igi.
am dros ebu jendelma SesZaxa:
_ muslimanebo! sawameblad da sarwmunoebidan
mosaqcevad Tqven, Cemi Tavi kerpTayvanismcemlebs
unda CaabaroT?! muhammed Suamavalma ebu jendelis
mama gverdze gaiyvana da Txova,rom Svili gaeTavisuflebina, magram mamamisma uari ganacxada.
muhammed Suamavali ebu jendels miubrunda:
_ ebu jendel, moiTmine! allahi Sen da Sens
gverdiT myofebs xsnis gzas ueWvelad gaCvenebT.
Cven am xalxTan SeTanxmebas movawereT xeli da
piroba davdeT. maTac piroba mogvces. axla sityvas
ver gavtexT. sityvis gatexa Cven ar SegvSvenis,_
uTxra man. amrigad, ebu jendeli ukan gaigzavna.
yovelive aman muslimanebze didad imoqmeda. marTalia. meqaSi ver Sevidnen, magram kerpTayvanismcemlebma isini oficialurad aRiares.
mizani_ mTeli msoflio
hudeibies SeTanxmebis Sedegad, mSvidobiani da
Tavisufali garemo Seiqmna. muhammed Suamavalma es
periodi yvelaze saukeTesod gamoiyena. bizantiis
imperias,eTiopias,iransa da kidev ramdenime qveyanas
elCebis xeliT sarwmunoebaze mi patiJebis werilebi gaugzavna.
mizani,
islamis
mowodebebis
mTeli
msofliosaTvis miwvdena iyo.
bizantiis imperatorma heraklem elCis miwodebuli werili aiRo, gaxsna da kiTxvas Seudga:
`_bismillaahirrahmaanirrahiim. allahis msaxur da Suamaval muhammedisagan, bizantiis imperator herakles. salami WeSmariti gzis mimyolT.
islamze gepatiJebi. miiRe islami, raTa gadarCe da
allahmac jildo ormagad mogizRos. Tuki ar
miiReb, Seni xalxis codva Sens kiserze iqneba."
`(mu
uhammed!) Senn
mogavl
linneT
mx
xol
lod wyal
lobad
samyaroTaTvis.""
(sura enbia, aiaTi
107)
GGGGGG
roca mu
uhammed
Su
uamaval
li,, jaris
meTau
uri,, meqas
gasaTavissu
uflebl
l
ad midioda,, gz
zaz
ze
ZaRl
li dainnax
xa,,
romel
lic Tavis
lekvebs Zu
uZu
us
aw
wovebda.
megobarTagann
erTerTi maSinnve
ZaRl
lTann gagz
zavnna
da jars ubrZanna,,
rom misTvis vinnmes
zianni ar
mieyennebinna.
GGGGGG
72E6. nawiliEsaxlSi dabrunebaEwminda muhammed Suamavali
6. nawiliEsaxlSi dabrunebaEwminda muhammed Suamavali E 73
(uTxariT:) hei, RvTiurwignTboZebulno! Tqvensa da Cvens Soris
saerTo
sityvaze
modiT.
mxolod allahs veTayvanoT
da araferi gavuxadoT mas
Tanamoziared. ar uarvhyoT
allahi da ar vaRmerToT
erTmaneTi. Tuki zurgs
Segaqceven, uTxariT: mowme
iyaviT, Cven muslimanebi
varTo."
heraklie wakiTxulisa da
garSemomyofTagan miRebuli
cnobebis meSveobiT darwmunda,
rom muhammedi namdvilad allahis
Suamavali iyo. sakiTxi mrCevlebTan
erTad ganixila. ganzraxuli hqonda,islami mieRo,magram roca maTgan winaaRmdegobas waawyda,islamis miRebaze uari Tqva. elCs keTilad moepyro, saCuqrebi misca da gaistumra.
meqaSi Sevida ara brZolaSi gamarjvebuli meTauris siamayiT, aramed wyalobiT, madlierebiTa da
TavmdablobiT.
roca SuadRis locvis (evla) dro movida, wminda bilali qaabeze avida da Tavisi lamazi xmiT
ezani ikiTxa. locvis damTavrebis Semdeg muhhammed
Suamavalma xalxs aseTi kiTxviT mimarTa:
`-ras fiqrobT, rogor mogeqcevi axla Tqven?"
misi da misi megobrebis mwamebelni axla gamouval mdgomareobaSi imyofebodnen:
_Sengan sikeTes velodebiT. Sen saukeTeso Zma da
Rirseuli adamianis Svili xar,_ upasuxes maT.
muhammed Suamavalma ganagrZo:
me Tqven iusuf Suamavlis naTqvams geubnebi. dRes
Tqven ar gkicxav. allahma SegindoT.
is mowyaleTagan yvelaze Semwyalebelia,_ Tqva
da sayovelTao amnistia gamoacxada. yvelas apatia.
Semdeg qaabe gaawmendina mis SigniT da gareT arsebuli kerpebisagan. muslimanebi dReebis manZilze
qaabeSi darCnen. monatreba gaiqarves.
meqas gaTavisufleba da
saxlSi dabruneba
hudeibies SeTanxmebaze xelmoweridan ori weli
iyo gasuli. kerpTayvanismcemlebma molaparakebis
darRveva daiwyes da bolos SeTanxmeba gaauqmes.
amis gamo muhhammed Suamavalma Tormeti aTas
kaciani jari moamzada da meqasaken gaemarTa. mizani
ubrZolvelad da sisxlis dauRvrelad meqas aReba
iyo. misi sawadeli asrulda. meqa ubrZolvelad
aiRo.
muhammed Suamavalma daibruna mama-papiseuli samSoblo,sadac ormocdacameti weli icxovra,sadac
bavSvoba da axalgazrdoba gaatara. am didi gamarjvebisaTvis allahisadmi madliereba gamoTqva. igi
mu
uhammed Su
uamavalma
hu
uneinis brZolis Semdeg
nadavlis darigeba daiw
wyo..
yu
uraiSelT
Ta mow
winaveebs,,
miu
uxedavad imisa rom
mu
uslimanebi ar iyvnen,,
radganac islamis mimarT
T
maT
Ti gu
ulebis molboba
iyo saWiro,, mu
uslimanebze
ufro meti wili argu
una..
amis gamo ensarT
Tagan
zogierT
Tma erT
TmaneT
TSi
sau
ubari gamarT
Ta:
_ allahis Su
uamavali
Tavis sagvareu
uloSi
dabru
unda.. brZolis
periodSi misi megobrebi
Cven viyaviT
T, magram
nadavlis ganaw
wilebisas ki
mis megobrebad naT
Tesavebi
da sagvareu
ulo iqca..
movelaparakoT
T da
vu
uTxraT
T, rom Cvenzec
if
fiqros..
es ambavi rom mu
uhammed
Su
uamavalma gaigo,, Sekriba
ensarni da ase mimarT
Ta:
_ adamianT
Ta gu
ulebis
mosagebad maT
Tze micemu
uli
amqveyniu
uri rameebi
TqvenT
Tvis ase
mniSvnelovania? roca maT
T
saxlebSi amqveyniu
uri
qoneba miaqvT
T, Tqven
allahis Su
uamavali
migyavT
T. mT
Tliani
adamianebi erT
T mxares rom
wavidnen,, ensarni meore
mxares,, me TqvenT
Tan
wamovidodi..
amis gamgone ensarebma,,
TavianT
Ti naT
Tqvamis gamo
inanes da itires:
_ Cven bednierni varT
T,
rom allahis Su
uamavali
gvxda wilad..
7. nawiliEyvela masze tirodaEwminda muhammed Suamavali E 75
nawili meSvide
yvela masze tiroda
veda haji anu gamosamSvidobebeli hajoba da veda
xuTbe gamosamSvidobebeli
mimarTva
meqas aRebis Semdeg hajoba farZi (savaldebulo)
gaxda. muhammed Suamavali ojaxTan da megobrebTan
erTad hajobis Sesasruleblad,632 wlis 22 Tebervals meqasaken gaemarTa. meqaSi hajobis RvTismsaxureba Seasrules.
meqas aRebiT,islamis sarwmunoebam swrafad iwyo
gavrceleba. muhammed Suamavalma sxvadasxva mxares
elCebi gagzavna da aramusliman xalxebs muslimanobisaken mouwoda. mokle droSi arabeTis naxevarkunZuli muslimanebis hegemoniis qveS Sevida.
632 wlis 6 marts muhammed Suamavalma xalxs mimarTa. am mimarTvas veda xuTbe anu gamosamSvidobebeli mimarTva ewodeba. mis mosasmenad asiaTasze
metma adamianma moiyara Tavi. muhammed Suamavalma
veda xuTbeze aRniSna,rom RmerTi erTia,adamianebi
yvelani erTi winapris STamomavali varT da amit-
gamosamSvidobebel
li
mimarTvidann :
* visac annabris sax
xiT
raimes miabarebenn, mann
igi patronns unda
dau
ubru
unos;
* umecrobis
droinndel
li sisx
xlis
aRebis tradicia
akrZal
lulia;
* ise,, rogorc Tqvenns
meu
uRl
leebs Tqvenns
mimarT uflebebi
gaaCnniaT,, Tqvennc maT
mimarT uflebebi
gaqvT.
* al
llahis morw
wmu
unenni
Zmebi ariann. Zmis
qonnebis usamarTl
lod
miTviseba aravisTvis
hal
lal
li araa.
* adamiannebo! Tqvenni
RmerTi erTia,, Tqvenni
winnapari erTia.
yvel
la Tvenngannis
winnapari adamia.
adami ki miw
widannaa
gaCennil
li.
* al
llahisTvis
yvel
laz
ze kargi
adamianni isaa,,
visac eSinnia da
erideba misi. Tqvenn
erTmanneTis mimarT
upiratesoba ara
gaqvT. upiratesoba
RvTis moSiSobaSia.
GGGGGG
76E7. nawiliEyvela masze tirodaEwminda muhammed Suamavali
7. nawiliEyvela masze tirodaEwminda muhammed Suamavali E 77
om yvelani Tanaswori varT. man yuradReba gaamaxvila qalTa uflebebze da Seaxsena, Tu risi
gakeTeba iyo aucilebeli sazogadoebrivi Tanasworobisa da mSvidobis dasacavad. gamosamSvidobebeli mimarTviT muhammed Suamavalma islamis sarwmunoebis
princi pebi
mTels
kacobriobas
sabolood gaacno.
orSabaT dRes, avadmyofobam sagrZnoblad umata.
marjvena xeli haerSi aRmarTa da saCvenebeli TiTi
maRla, erTi wertilisaken gaiSvira. `daSla Cems
uzenaes RmerTTan erTad... Cemo allaho, samoTxeSi
Sexvedramde!"_ Tqva da xelebi gverdze Camouvarda. saxeze Rimili daadga.
gamomSvidobeba
muhammed Suamavali hajobis Semdeg medinaSi
dabrunda. samocda sami wlis iyo. im dReebSi gamudmebiT sikvdilze saubrobda. ambobda, rom erT dRes
mokvdeboda.
maisi iwureboda. avad gaxda. meCeTSi veRar mivida. locvebze wminda ebubeqiri miamagra. 8 ivniss,
ganSoreba: yvela masze
tiroda
wminda ebubeqiri, romelmac muhammed Suamavlis
sikvdilis ambavi gaigo, maSinve meCeTSi mivida.
yvela tiroda. wminda omari ki iZaxda:
_ muhammed Suamavali ar momkvdara. vinc ityvis
mokvdao, Tavs wavacli! wminda ebubeqiri irgvliv
atexil aur-zaurze yuradRebis miuqcevlad, Cumad
Sevida muhammed Suamavlis oTaxSi, saxeze zewari
axada, Suamavals tiriliT akoca Sublze da Tqva:
_ Sen genacvalos Cemi deda da mama, hei, allahis
Suamavalo! Seni sikvdili iseve lamazia, rogoric
sicocxle iyo. gareT gamovida da iq SekrebilT
mimarTa:
_ vinc muhammeds eTayvaneboda, icodes, rom
muhammedi mokvda. vinc allahis RvTismsaxurebas
asrulebs, icis, rom is cocxali ukvdavia, Tqva da
ali-imranis suras 144-e aiaTi waikiTxa:
`da ar ars muhammedi ram sxva, Suamavlisa. misamdec yofilan Suamavalni da rom is (muhammedi)
axla momkvdariyo an mokluliyo, ukumoiqceodiT*
gana?! vinc ukumoiqceva, is veras daaklebs allahs,
magram allahi daajildoebs misadmi madlierebis
aRmavlenelT."
wminda ebubeqiris am sityvebma, wminda omari da
yvela muslimani, romelTac muhammed Suamavalis
sikvdili ar sjerodaT, daawynara.
isic medinaSi,im qalaqSi daasaflaves,sadac misi
aiaTi,, romel
l ic
su
u l bol
l os
moevl
l inn a
`geSinnodeT dRisa,,
rodesac al
llahs
dau
ubru
undebiT.
Semdeg TiToeu
ul
su
uls sru
ulad
miegeba mogebu
uli
da isinni ar
daiCagrebiann. (maT
usamarTl
lod ar
moiqceviann)""
(sura furi-bayara,
aiaTi 281)
GGGGGG
78E7. nawiliEyvela masze tirodaEwminda muhammed Suamavali
7. nawiliEyvela masze tirodaEwminda muhammed Suamavali E 79
mama iyo dasaflavebuli.
muhammed Suamavali udides moyvaresTan, allahTan gaemgzavra. Cven,muslimanebs,ori amanaTi dagvitova: allahis wminda sityvebi _yurani da Tavisi
samagaliTo cxovreba suna. amave dros muslimanebs
umaxarobla, rom vinc amaT miyveba, gadarCeba!
muhammed Suamavlis
cxovrebis mniSvnelovani TariRebi
570
ebrehes jaris misvla spiloebiT qabes dasangrevad
570
muhammed Suamavlis mamis sikvdili?
571
wminda muhammed Suamavlis dabadeba (20 aprili)
571-576
ZuZumwovebel ZiZasTan-halimesTan cxovreba
577
dedis_amines sikvdili
579
babuis_ abdulmutalibis sikvdili
591
`RirseulTa sazogadoebaSi" gawevrianeba
596
hatijeze daqorwineba
597
pirveli Svilis_ yasimis dabadeba
610
ramaznis TveSi, hiras gamoqvabulSi pirveli STagoneba
615-616
muslimanebis eTiopiaSi gadasvlebi
617-620
kerpTayvanismcemelTa mier muslimanebis winaaRmdeg
ganxorcielebuli blokadis wlebi
620
zeidTan erTad taifaSi wasvla
621
pirveli aqabes SeTanxmeba
622
meore aqabes SeTanxmeba
622
muhammed Suamavlis medinaSi gadasaxleba (hijreTi)
622-624
meCeTisa da skolis ageba, pirveli eznis (moxmobis) kiTxva, Zmobis
Camoyalibeba, medinas SeTanxmebaze xelmowera
624
bediris brZola
625
uhudis brZola
626
biri maunisa da rejis ambebi
626-627
hendekis (Txrilis) brZola
628
hudeibies samSvidobo SeTanxmeba
630
meqas aReba
632
veda xuTbe gamosamSvidobebeli mimarTva (6 marti)